兼顾公平性的多能源合作博弈优化调度

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2021-0408

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对含高比例可再生能源的电力系统运行经济性和调度公平性问题,提出一种多种能源参与的双层优化调度模型。该模型考虑经济性的同时从两方面体现公平性：上层模型中首先将风电场、光伏电站、抽水蓄能电站和需求响应负荷聚合成虚拟电厂（VPP）,其次,将虚拟电厂作为大电网的一部分参与优化调度,采用基尼系数表征公平性并作为约束条件,以总成本最低为目标函数建立兼顾公平性的多能源经济优化调度模型,最后,将上层VPP的求解结果作为下层优化调度的输入变量;下层模型中基于合作博弈理论建立以VPP内部成员为博弈参与者,以各参与者收益最大为目标函数的合作博弈模型,采用均衡度对比不同联盟组合下各主体的收益分配公平性,对比均分法、按出力分配法及Shapely值法的收益分配均衡度。采用智能优化算法结合CPLEX求解器求解模型,应用实例验证模型的有效性和正确性。

关键词: 博弈论, 可再生能源, 抽水蓄能电站, 虚拟电厂, 需求响应, 双层优化调度

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of operation economy and dispatching fairness of power system with high proportion of renewable energy, a bi level optimal dispatching model with multi energy participation is proposed. The model considers economy and reflects fairness from two aspects： In the upper model, wind farm, photovoltaic power station, pumped storage power station and demand response load are combined to form a virtual power plant （VPP）. Secondly, the virtual power plant is taken as a part of the large power grid to participate in the optimal scheduling. Gini coefficient is used to represent the fairness and as a constraint condition, and the objective function is to minimize the total cost. Finally, the upper solution of VPP is taken as the input variable of the lower optimal dispatch. In the lower model, based on the cooperative game theory, a cooperative game model is established with the internal members of VPP as the game participants and the maximum income of each participant as the objective function, and the income distribution of each subject under different alliance combinations is compared by using the equilibrium degree fairness. The equilibrium degree of income distribution is compared among equalization distribution method, distribution by output method and shapely value method. The intelligent optimization algorithm combined with CPLEX solver is used to solve the model, and an example is used to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the model.

中图分类号:

TM73

王芸芸, 马志程, 周强, 董海鹰. 兼顾公平性的多能源合作博弈优化调度[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(10): 482-492.

Wang Yunyun, Ma Zhicheng, Zhou Qiang, Dong Haiying. MULTI ENERGY COOPERATIVE GAME OPTIMAL SCHEDULING CONSIDERING FAIRNESS[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(10): 482-492.

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