为了模拟不同太阳电池宽度对半透明光伏窗采光性能的影响,提出将非透光电池和透光玻璃间隙分开模拟的新方法,并使用实验数据验证新方法和模型的准确性。通过与实验结果的差异分析,采用新方法模拟所得到的照度和眩光可能性（DGP）的准确性均明显优于传统方法。采用新方法对太阳电池覆盖率相同但电池宽度分别为2.5、5.0以及7.5 mm的3种半透明光伏窗的天然采光特性进行模拟研究,并采用全天然采光时间百分比（DA）、有效天然采光照度（UDI）、天然光眩光指数（DGI）、眩光可能性（DGP）等指标对不同电池宽度光伏窗的采光和眩光性能进行对比分析。结果表明,随着电池宽度增加,室内平均DA和UDI逐渐减小,产生眩光的可能性增加,室内视觉舒适度下降。该文提出的方法使得研究不同电池宽度条件下半透明光伏窗的采光和眩光性能变为可能,且利用该方法得出相同电池覆盖率下最佳的电池宽度。
Abstract
In this study a new method which treats opaque cells and transparent glass separately is proposed for simulating the effect of different solar cell widths on the daylighting performance of semi-transparent photovoltaic （STPV） windows. Experiment was conducted to validated against the simulation model. According to the difference between simulation results and experimental data,both the illuminance and Daylight Glare Probability （DGP） obtained by the proposed method are significantly better than those of the traditional method. Detailed simulation of the daylighting performance of three semi-transparent PV windows with the same PV coverage but different cell widths of 2.5 mm,5.0 mm,7.5 mm are further conducted based on the proposed method. Both the daylighting and glare performance of the STPV windows are analyzed and compared in terms of four typical indicators including Daylight Autonomy （DA）,Useful Daylight Illuminance （UDI）,Daylight Glare Index （DGI）,and Daylight Glare Probability （DGP）. The results show that with the increase of cell width, the average DA,UDI and indoor visual comfort gradually decrease, while the probability of glare increases. The proposed method in this paper makes it possible to simulate the daylighting and glare performance of STPV windows with different cell widths,and the best cell width is obtained via this method
关键词
太阳电池 /
采光模拟 /
眩光 /
光伏窗 /
视觉舒适度
Key words
solar cells /
daylight simulation /
glare /
PV windows /
visual comfort
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] BP. BP Energy ouTLOOK2020[EB/OL]. https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/energy-outlook.html.
[2] 郭兴忠, 杨闯, 张超, 等. 节能门窗热工性能对建筑能耗影响的模拟研究[J]. 建筑材料学报, 2014, 17(2): 261-265, 297.
GUO X Z, YANG C, ZHANG C, et al.Simulation on thermal performance of energy-saving windows and doors and its influence on building energy consumption[J]. Journal of building materials, 2014, 17(2): 261-265, 297.
[3] KIM S, HUANG Y N, AMEENA F, et al.Semi-transparent photovoltaic devices for smart window applications[C]//2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Austin, Texas, USA, 2012.
[4] DIDONÉ E L, WAGNER A.Semi-transparent PV windows: A study for office buildings in Brazil[J]. Energy and buildings, 2013, 67: 136-142.
[5] SONG J H, AN Y S, KIM S G, et al.Power output analysis of transparent thin-film module in building integrated photovoltaic system(BIPV)[J]. Energy and buildings, 2008, 40(11): 2067-2075.
[6] 韩娇阳, 程远达, 梁晓磊, 等. 半透明光伏外窗系统综合性能研究综述[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2019, 19(5): 8-17.
HAN J Y, CHENG Y D, LIANG X L, et al.Review of the research on comprehensive performance of semi-transparent photovoltaic system[J]. Science technology and engineering, 2009, 19(5); 8-17.
[7] 王春磊, 彭晋卿, 李念平, 等. 不同透过率下非晶硅光伏窗综合能效性能研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2019, 40(6): 1607-1615.
WANG C L, PENG J Q, LI N P, et al.Study of overall energy performance of amorphous silicon photovoltaic window based on variable transmittances[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2019, 40(6): 1607-1615.
[8] 李卓, 王立雄, 张华. 光伏玻璃应用于办公空间的天然光环境研究——以天津地区为例[J]. 照明工程学报, 2015, 26(1): 23-28.
LI Z, WANG L X, ZHANG H.Research on the lighting environment using photovoltaic glass in office space——A case study in Tianjin[J]. China illuminating engineering journal, 2015, 26(1): 23-28.
[9] MIYAZAKI T, AKISAWA A, KASHIWAGI T.Energy savings of office buildings by the use of semi-transparent solar cells for windows[J]. Renewable energy, 2005, 30(3): 281-304.
[10] SUBRAMANIAM S.Daylighting simulations with Radiance using matrix-based methods[EB/OL]. https://radiance-online.org/learning/tutorials/matrix-based-methods.
[11] WIENOLD J, CHRISTOFFERSEN J.Evaluation methods and development of a new glare prediction model for daylight environments with the use of CCD cameras[J]. Energy and buildings, 2006, 38(7): 743-757.
[12] REINHART C F .Daylight availability and manual lighting control in office buildings-simulation studies and analysis of measurements[D]. Karlsruhe: Technical University of Karlsruhe, 2001.
[13] GB 50033—2013. 建筑采光设计标准[S].
GB 50033—2013. Standard for daylighting design of buildings[S].
[14] NABIL A, MARDALJEVIC J.Useful daylight illuminances: A replacement for daylight factors[J]. Energy and buildings, 2006, 38(7): 905-913.
基金
国家自然科学基金（51978252）; 湖南创新型省份建设专项经费（2020GK2076）; 长沙市科技计划项目经费（kq2009041）
PDF(2127 KB)
