以高粱秸秆为原料,分别研究酸、碱、氧化试剂与低温冻融联合预处理对高粱秸秆与沼泥混合厌氧发酵产甲烷的影响。试验结果表明：经过预处理后各试验组高粱秸秆组分含量比CK对照组均有显著变化(p＜0.05),木质素去除率在29.85%~41.71%之间,纤维素相对含量提高率在10.08%~17.27%之间,半纤维素去除率在1.30%~9.62%之间。预处理可有效改变高粱秸秆宏观和微观结构,改变高粱秸秆的组织结构特性,纤维素、半纤维素与木质素的连接被打断,木质素被脱除。各试验组累积甲烷产量比CK对照组显著提高30.69%~90.28%,经5%冰乙酸和低温冻融联合预处理后的试验组在试验周期内有最大累积甲烷产量351.85 mL/（g·VS）。Logistic增长曲线方程对于高粱秸秆与沼泥混合厌氧发酵产甲烷规律具有较好的拟合效果,可对累积甲烷产量做出合理解释和准确预测,经济性和能量分析可为规模化生产提供参考。
Abstract
Using sorghum straw as raw material, the effects of acid, alkali, oxidation reagent and low temperature freeze-thaw pretreatment on methane production by mixed anaerobic fermentation of sorghum straw and biogas sludge were studied. The results showed that the content of sorghum straw components in each group was significantly different from that in CK control group （p<0.05）. The lignin removal rate is between 29.85%~41.71%, Cellulose relative content increased between 10.08%~17.27%, hemicellulose removal rate was between 1.3%~9.62%. Pretreatment effectively changed the macro and micro structure of sorghum straw. Moreover, the pretreatment changed the structure of sorghum straw. The connection between cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin was interrupted, lignin was removed. The cumulative methane production in each test group was 30.69%~90.28%, higher than in the CK control group. The experimental group pretreated with 5% glacial acetic acid and low-temperature freezing-thawing had the maximum cumulative methane production of 351.85 mL/（g·VS） during the test period. The Logistic growth curve equation has a good fitting effect on methanogenesis of sorghum stalk mixed with biogas sludge during the test cycle. The cumulative methane production can be reasonably explained and accurately predicted. Economy and energy analysis can provide a reference for large-scale production.
关键词
生物质能 /
甲烷 /
厌氧发酵 /
曲线拟合 /
高粱秸秆 /
低温冻融
Key words
biomass energy /
methane /
anaerobic fermentation /
curve fitting /
sorghum straw /
low temperature freeze-thaw
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基金
国家科技支撑计划（2013BAD08B04）
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