采用CFD方法,对长宽比分别为0.25、0.30、0.40、0.50、0.60、0.70、0.80、0.90的8种长方体单体高层建筑物顶面的风流场特征进行模拟计算,确定长宽比对长方体建筑物顶面风力机微观选址的影响。结果表明：长宽比越大,建筑顶面低风速区域越大,且风速随高度增长得越慢,而迎风面拐点风速恢复最快;同时由于建筑物顶面受阻滞流体增多,湍流强度增大,湍流强度大于20%的区域面积增大,且背风面及背风面拐点湍流强度最大;长宽比越小,适合安装风力机的高度越低,如长宽比HAR=0.25时,最低安装高度为1.12H;当长宽比HAR=0.9时,最低安装高度为1.20H;对于不同长宽比的长方体建筑物,在屋顶迎风面出现风加速的起始高度一般低于背风面位置,更有利于风力机的安装。
Abstract
To determine the suitable mounting location and height of the roof-mounted wind turbine, the turbulence characteristics over eight horizontal aspect ratio cuboid buildings were simulated via the computational fluid dynamic（CFD）method, in which the horizontal aspect rate are 0.25, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80 and 0.90, respectively. The results show that when horizontal aspect ratio increases and the cross-sectional shape of a cuboid building becomes closer to the square,the larger area of low wind speed at the top of the building,and the wind speed increases more slowly with height, while the wind speed recovers fastest at the windward corner. At the same time, the turbulence intensity increases due to the increase of stagnant fluid at the top of the building, and the area of turbulence intensity greater than 20%, the turbulence intensity at the leewardside and leeward inflection point is the highest. The smaller the horizontal aspect ratio is, the lower the suitable height for wind turbine installation is lower, for example, when the aspect ratio is 0.25, the minimum installation height is 1.12H; when the horizontal aspect ratio is 0.9, the minimum installation height is 1.20H; For cuboid buildings with different horizontal aspect ratios, the starting height of wind acceleration on the windward side of the roof is generally lower than that on the leeward side, which is more conducive to the installation of wind turbines.
关键词
风力机 /
建筑物 /
湍流强度 /
风速 /
微观选址
Key words
wind turbines /
buildings /
turbulence intensity /
wind speed /
micrositing
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参考文献
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基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金（2019LH05024）
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