基于视角系数模型,理论计算与实验分析双面光伏组件的背面辐照度分布,根据组件背面的辐照度模型和太阳电池等效电路的单二极管模型,采用I-V曲线叠加法计算其微失配损耗;并提出简化反射光谱模型准确计算反射太阳光谱,以光谱失配因子量化反射光谱对双面组件背面发电性能的影响,结合组件背面辐射视角系数模型,建立双面组件背面功率输出的计算方法。针对影响双面光伏组件发电性能影响因素,进行仿真和实验,结果表明：双面光伏组件的因背面辐照不均匀引起的微失配损失一般小于3.0%,草地、水泥地面、雪地的损失分别为0.3%~0.5%、0.5%~1.0%、1.0%~3.0%,由于光伏组件安装架的遮挡,微失配损失将增加0.5%~3.3%;不同安装地面下,双面光伏组件背面反射光谱差异大,通过反射光谱修订能将双面光伏组件背面功率预测准确率由76.3%提升到92.3%。
Abstract
Based on the view factor model,the irradiance distribution on the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module is investigated in this paper. According to the irradiance distribution calculation and the single diode electrical model of the equivalent circuit of the photovoltaic module,the power loss caused by micro-mismatch is simulated by using the I-V curve superposition method. A simple and accurate reflection spectrum model is proposed to calculate the reflection spectrum, and the effect of the reflection spectrum on the bifacial module output performance is quantified by the spectrum mismatch factor. Considering the factors affecting the power output of bifacial modules, simulations and experiments are carried out. The results show that the micro-mismatch loss caused by non-uniform irradiance distribution of module backside is generally less than 3.0%, while the mismatch losses in condition of grassland, concrete ground and snow are respectively It is 0.3%-0.5%, 0.5%-1.0%, 1.0%-3.0%. Due to the shading of the photovoltaic module mounting frame, the micro-mismatch loss increases by 0.5%-3.3%. The reflection spectrum is quite different in different module installation grounds. Through the modification of the reflection spectrum factor,the accuracy of the power prediction of the bifacial photovoltaic module can be increased from 76.3% to 92.3%.
关键词
辐照 /
光谱分析 /
输出功率 /
双面光伏组件
Key words
irradiation /
spectrum analysis /
power generation /
bifacial photovoltaic modules
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基金
新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室（中国电力科学研究院有限公司）开放基金（NYB51202101990）
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