通过理论推导和数值模拟,从湍流模型封闭系数的确定过程、输运方程扩散项的影响因素、入口边界条件和网格尺度等方面分析标准k-ε模型、标准k-ω模型和SST k-ω湍流模型在计算均匀来流时湍流动能的衰减规律及其本质物理区别;通过数值模拟分析中性大气条件下湍流动能的衰减规律。结果表明,在均匀流中,采用标准k-ε湍流模型,入口湍流强度较小或湍流粘性比较大时,湍流动能衰减的程度及速率比采用标准k-ω模型和SST k-ω模型时小;在中性大气条件下,采用SST k-ω湍流模型,顶部边界采用压力出口时,风速、湍动能和比耗散率的廓线保持性较好。
Abstract
Through theoretical derivation and numerical simulation, the attenuation law of turbulence kinetic energy and the essential physical difference among the standard k-ω model, the standard k-ω model and the SST k-ω turbulence model are analyzed from the determination process of the closure coefficients of the turbulence model, the influencing factors of the diffusion term of the transport equation, the inlet boundary conditions, the grid size and so on, the attenuation law of turbulence kinetic energy under neutral atmospheric conditions is analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that in uniform flow, when the standard k-ω turbulence model is used and the inlet turbulence intensity is relatively small or the eddy viscosity is relatively large, the attenuation of turbulence kinetic energy is higher than that of the standard k-ω model and the SST k-ω model, under neutral atmospheric conditions, when the SST k-ω turbulence model is used and the pressure outlet condition is used as the top boundary, the velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, and specific dissipation rate profiles are better maintained.
关键词
风力机 /
均匀流 /
湍流动能衰减 /
湍流模型 /
边界条件 /
数值模拟
Key words
wind turbines /
uniform flow /
turbulence kinetic energy attenuation /
turbulence model /
boundary condition /
numerical simulation
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51766009）; 甘肃省陇原青年创新创业人才项目; 南京航空航天大学江苏省风力机设计高技术研究重点实验室开放课题; 西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室开放基金（Nos.szjj2019-027）; 兰州理工大学红柳杰出青年人才资助计划
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