以点吸收式波浪发电装置为例,考虑浮体和阻尼板在垂荡方向上的运动响应特性及磁流体发电机的发电特性,利用遗传算法优化不同规则波况下磁流体发电机的结构参数,得到装置投放于南海某岛屿附近时不同平均有效波高下的发电效率。然后,根据该岛屿全年波况的频率分布规律,计算得到全年发电量,年发电量最大时磁流体发电机结构参数最优。与传统按主波况进行结构参数优化相比,充分考虑不同平均有效波高的出现频率对装置输出功率的影响,对实海况条件下磁流体波浪发电装置的优化设计和经济效益的评估具有重要的指导意义。另外,磁流体波浪发电装置的启动波高低于1.0 m的行业标准,启动性能极好,可增加波浪的有效利用小时数,其极强的低海况响应能力尤其适合中国的低海况条件。
Abstract
Taking the point absorption wave power generation device as an example, considering the motion response characteristics of floating body and damping plate in the heave direction and the power generation characteristics of MHD generator, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the structural parameters of MHD generator under different regular wave conditions, and the power generation efficiency of the device under different average effective wave heights is obtained when the device is placed near an island in the South China Sea. Then, according to the frequency distribution law of the wave state of the island, the annual power generation is calculated. When the annual power generation is the largest, the structural parameters of the MHD generator are optimal. Compared with the traditional structural parameter optimization based on the main wave condition, the influence of the frequency of different average significant wave height on the output power of the device is fully considered. It has important guiding significance for the optimal design of MHD wave power generation device and the evaluation of economic benefits under real sea conditions. At the same time, the start-up wave height of MHD wave power generation device is lower than the industry standard of 1.0 m, and the start-up performance is excellent, which increases the effective utilization hours of waves, and its extremely strong low sea state response ability is especially suitable for China′s low sea conditions.
关键词
磁流体 /
波浪能 /
遗传算法 /
发电量 /
结构参数
Key words
magnetohydrodynamic /
wave power /
genetic algorithms /
power generation /
structural parameter
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基金
国家海洋可再生能源资金项目（GHME2018SF02）
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