针对风向对风力机塔筒疲劳产生影响的问题,基于实测数据对考虑风速风向联合概率分布的风电塔筒结构的风致疲劳寿命展开研究。首先结合甘肃安西地区37 a的实测风速风向数据,给出风速风向联合概率分布。然后利用主S-N曲线法分别对不同风向和不同风速下风力机塔架结构法兰及门洞区域的响应规律进行分析。最后考虑风速风向联合概率分布,对风电塔筒结构风致疲劳寿命展开研究。结果表明：门洞朝向与风轮朝向的夹角变化和风速的改变均对风电塔筒的风致疲劳寿命有一定影响,其中门洞朝向与风轮朝向夹角为225°时疲劳寿命最长,风速为10~14 m/s时疲劳寿命变化幅度最大;考虑风速风向联合概率分布能更准确地计算风力机结构的风致疲劳寿命,且以此为依据对门洞朝向进行调整可延长其疲劳寿命,因此建议对风电塔架进行设计时,应考虑风电场所在地区的风速风向联合概率分布。
Abstract
To study the influence of wind direction on the fatigue life of wind turbine tower, the wind-induced fatigue life of wind turbine tower is studied by introducing the joint probability distribution of wind speed and wind direction based on the measured data. Firstly, combined with the measured wind speed and direction data of Anxi in Gansu Province during 37 years, the joint probability distribution of wind speed and direction is given. Then, the master S-N curve is used to analyze the flange and tower-door response principle on the wind turbine tower under different conditions of wind direction and wind speed. Finally, the joint probability distribution of wind speed and direction is adopted to investigate the wind-induced fatigue life of wind turbine tower. The results show that the change of various angle between the tower-door and the wind turbine orientation and the change of wind speed have impact on the wind-induced fatigue life of wind turbine tower. The maximum fatigue life can be predicted when the angle between the tower-door and the wind wheel reaches 225°. The variation of the fatigue life is the largest in the wind-speed range of 10-14 m/s. The mathematical method of joint probability distribution makes the calculation of the wind-induced fatigue life more accurate and the fatigue life can be prolonged by adjusting the orientation of tower-door. Therefore, it is suggested that the joint probability distribution of local wind speed and direction should be considered in the design of wind turbine tower.
关键词
风力机 /
疲劳寿命 /
风速 /
塔筒 /
风向 /
联合概率分布
Key words
wind turbines /
fatigue life /
wind speed /
tower /
wind direction /
joint probability distribution
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51568041; 51908266）; 甘肃省土木工程减震隔震国际科技合作基地定向开放基金（GII2018-N04）; 甘肃省土木建筑学会青年科技托举人才项目; 兰州理工大学红柳优秀青年基金
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