分布式太阳能集中供暖系统中的用户既用热又产热,其热量平衡具有动态热盈亏的特点。该文针对分布式太阳能集中供暖用户提出动态热盈亏计算方法,并给出用于盈亏状态评价的平均热盈亏及盈亏比等指标。通过理论分析和数值模拟研究地区气候差异、建筑类型以及层数对用户热盈亏的影响。结果表明：太阳能Ⅰ区-寒冷地区（拉萨）的用户平均热盈余及盈亏比最大,太阳能Ⅰ区-严寒地区（格尔木）次之,太阳能Ⅱ区-严寒地区（西宁）较小,太阳能Ⅱ区-寒冷地区（喀什）最小;相比于住宅和宾馆这种连续供暖建筑而言,办公和商场建筑平均热盈余较大、盈亏比较高;用户采暖期平均热盈余与盈亏比均随层数的增加而减小。
Abstract
Distributed district solar heating prosumers both produce and consume heat, and its heat balance has the characteristic of dynamic thermal profit or loss. This paper proposes a dynamic thermal profit or loss calculation method for the distributed district solar heating prosumer, and gives the indicators such as the average thermal profit or loss and the ratio of profit to loss for the evaluation of thermal profit or loss. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the influence of regional climate difference, building type and floor number on thermal profit or loss of prosumers are studied. The results show that the average thermal profit or loss and the ratio of profit to loss of solar Ⅰ-cold zone （Lhasa） are the largest, solar Ⅰ-severe cold zone （Golmud） takes the second place, solar Ⅱ-severe cold zone （Xining） is smaller, solar Ⅱ-cold zone （Kashi） is minimum; compared with the continuous heating buildings such as residences and hotels, the average thermal profit and the ratio of profit to loss of office buildings and shopping malls is higher; The average thermal profit and the ratio of profit to loss of prosumers both decrease with the increase of the number of floors during the heating period.
关键词
分布式 /
太阳能 /
集中供暖 /
热盈亏 /
盈亏比
Key words
distributed /
solar energy /
central heating /
thermal profit or loss /
the ratio of profit to loss
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目（51878532）; 博士后科学面上基金项目（2020M683430）; 陕西省重点研发计划（2018ZDCXL-SF-03-01）
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