蓄热是建筑被动式太阳利用和夏季防热设计的关键技术,准确的评价方法和指标是蓄热设计和利用的基础。在外保温墙体中保温层对墙体蓄热性能有显著影响,该文通过实验和软件模拟的方法考察外保温墙体的蓄热特性与合理的蓄热性能评价指标。通过现场测试,获得了3个不同朝向的外墙表面及内部温度变化衰减规律：由于保温层的隔热作用,外墙结构层内外表面承受的温度波动较小,结构层本身的蓄热作用被大幅度削弱。借助Kvalue软件,对单一材料墙体和外保温复合墙体的热惰性指标与总衰减度之间的关系进行模拟和计算。结果显示,对于单一材料外墙,热惰性指标和总衰减度之间有良好相关性,而外保温复合墙体,两者相关性较差。针对外保温复合墙体,提出针对多层墙体热惰性指标计算的修正方法,利用该方法获得的热惰性指标与墙体总衰减度的相关系数R2达0.9以上。
Abstract
Heat storage is the key technology of passive solar utilization and heat protection design in summer, and accurate evaluation method or index are the foundation of heat storage design and utilization. The thermal insulation layer has a significant impact on the thermal storage performance of the wall. This article uses experiments and software simulation methods to investigate the heat storage characteristics of the external thermal insulation wall and reasonable heat storage performance evaluation index. Through field tests,three external wall surfaces and internal temperature decrement laws with different orientations have been obtained that due to the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer, the temperature fluctuations on the internal and external surfaces of the external wall structural layer are small, and the heat storage effect of the structure layers are significantly weakened. With the help of Kvalue software, the relationship between the thermal inertia index and the total degree of decrement of the single-material wall and the external thermal insulation composite wall are simulated and calculated. The results show that for a single-material external wall, there is a good correlation between the thermal inertia index and the total degree of decrement, while for the external thermal insulation composite wall,the correlation between the two is poor. For the external thermal insulation composite wall, a modification method for calculating the thermal inertia index of the multi-layer envelope structure is proposed. The correlation coefficient R2 between the thermal inertia index obtained by this method and the total degree of decrement of the wall is over 0.9.
关键词
蓄热 /
保温层 /
太阳能 /
衰减度 /
评价指标
Key words
heat storage /
insulation /
solar energy /
attenuation /
evaluation index
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参考文献
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基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3802700）; 西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室自主研究课题基金（LSZZ202203）; 陕西省重点研发计划重点产业创新链项目（2021ZDLSF05-11）; 陕西省自然科学基金基础研究计划（2019JM-505）
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