为提高低风速地区的风能利用率,研究风轮实度对低风速风电机组气动性能的影响。考虑影响风轮实度因素（叶片数量、弦长及安装角）,设计2组不同弦长叶片与可调安装角轮毂。安装角改变时不仅会引起实度变化,还会使叶尖速比发生改变。通过车载试验验证安装角不同时对风轮气动性能的影响主要与叶尖速比相关。根据不同风轮表面压力分布数值模拟结果得出：相同风速下,弦长由叶根到叶尖逐渐增大的叶片更易启动。相同条件下,试验机组输出功率与数值模拟机组输出功率最大相差5.37%,说明数值模拟结果可信。随着风轮实度的增加,风速5 m/s时,其风能利用系数呈增大趋势,风速8 m/s时,其风能利用系数呈减小趋势,两趋势相交时实度为25.38%,得出该实度下风轮气动性能较优,即可得到适合低风速地区的风轮实度。
Abstract
In order to improve the utilization rate of wind energy in low wind speed areas, the effect of the rotor solidity on the aerodynamic performance of low wind speed wind turbines was studied. Considering the factors that affect the solidity of the rotor are the number of blades, the chord length and the setting angle. Blades with different chord lengths and adjustable setting angle hub were designed. When the setting angle changes, not only the solidity changes, but also the tip speed ratio changes. The in-truck test verifies that the influence of different setting angles on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine is mainly related to the tip speed ratio. According to the numerical simulation results of the pressure distribution on the surface of different rotors, it is concluded that under the same wind speed, the blade whose chord length gradually increases from the root to the tip is easier to start. Under the same conditions, the maximum difference of turbine between the experimental output power and the numerical simulation output power is 5.37%. It shows that the numerical simulation results are credible. With the increase of the solidity, the power coefficient of the rotor at 5 m/s wind speed shows an increasing trend, and the power coefficient shows a decreasing trend at 8 m/s wind speed. When the two trends intersect, the solidity is 25.38%. It can be obtained that the aerodynamic performance of the rotor is better under this solidity. And the rotor solidity suitable for low wind speed areas is obtained. It provides a reference for the optimal design of low wind speed wind turbine rotors.
关键词
风电机组 /
气动 /
CFD /
风轮 /
实度 /
低风速
Key words
wind turbines /
aerodynamics /
computational fluid dynamics /
rotor /
solidity /
low wind speed
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基金
内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发（2020GG0314）
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