针对光伏相变（PV-PCM）热管理系统建立数值模型,与实验结果对比验证模型的有效性。在此基础上,研究24 h内不同复合PCM物性参数（相变温度、膨胀石墨质量分数和厚度）对太阳电池温度的变化规律,利用正交实验法和直观分析法研究最高温度、高于45 ℃与41 ℃的时长和入夜后低于35 ℃的时长的影响。进一步模拟不同类型和数量的散热翅片对太阳电池工作温度的影响,优化PV-PCM系统的散热结构。研究显示,使用内向翅片的散热结构和相变温度为40.2 ℃、膨胀石墨质量分数为15%、厚度为40 mm的复合PCM,可使太阳电池的最高工作温度最小,其值约为42 ℃。
Abstract
A numerical model was established for the photovoltaic phase change （PV-PCM） thermal management system, and the validity of model was verified by comparing with the experimental results. On this basis, the variation rule of different composite PCM physical property parameters （phase change temperature, mass fraction of expanded graphite, and thickness） on solar cell temperature within 24 h was studied. The effects of maximum temperature, duration of time above 45 ℃ and 41 ℃, and duration of night below 35 ℃ were studied by orthogonal experiment method and visual analysis method. The influence of different types and numbers of heat dissipation fins on the working temperature of solar cell was further simulated to optimize heat dissipation structure of PV-PCM system. The research shows that the use of inward fin heat dissipation structure and the composite PCM with phase change temperature of 40.2 ℃, mass fraction of expanded graphite of 15%, and thickness of 40 mm can minimize the maximum operating temperature of the solar cell, which is about 42 ℃.
关键词
太阳电池 /
相变材料 /
数值模拟 /
温度 /
散热
Key words
solar cells /
phase change materials /
numerical simulation /
temperature /
heat dissipation
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基金
陕西省重点研究基金（2019GY-157）; 西北大学紫藤科研合作专项（389040004; 389040001）; 陕西省重点研究基金和紫藤科学研究合作专项资助西北大学项目
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