采用流体仿真与实地测试相结合的方法研究空气源热泵冷岛效应的形成机理和影响因素。长春机组实地测试和仿真结果均表明,在有周围建筑物和环境风为4.92 m/s时,机组排风会影响机组下游空气温度和下游回风温度,使平均回风温度下降0.15~0.18 K。室外机换热量、风机风量、机组堆积、环境风和周边建筑形状是影响空气源热泵冷岛效应的重要因素,冷岛效应回流率和机组换热量成正相关,和风机风量成负相关;在无环境风和周边无建筑物的情况下,空气源热泵的冷风沿地面扩散到环境中。在无环境风工况下,单机组在换热量为52.8 kW,风量为3.4 kg/s时,回流开始时间为38 s,最终回流率为28%,最终回风温度和环境温度的温差为6.08 K。
Abstract
The formation mechanism and influencing factors of cold island effect of air-source heat pumps （ASHP） were studied by means of fluid simulation and field test. Both the field test and simulation in a real unit in Changchun show that when there are surrounding buildings and ambient wind is 4.92 m/s, the cold exhaust air will affect the downstream air temperature and inlet air temperature of finned tube, making the inlet air temperature of finned tube decrease by 0.15-0.18 K. The heat transfer flux, fan flowrate, the outdoor unit accumulation, ambient wind and building shape are the main factors influencing the cold island effect of ASHP. The degree of cold island effect has a positive correlation with the heat transfer flux and a negative correlation with the fan flowrate. In the case of no ambient wind and buildings, the cold exhaust air diffuses along the ground to the environment. Under the condition of no ambient wind, when the heat transfer flux is 52.8 kW and the fan flowrate is 3.4 kg/s, the recirculation start time is 38 s, the final cold recirculation rate is 28%, and the temperature difference between ambient temperature and inlet air temperature of finned tube is 6.08 K.
关键词
空气源热泵 /
数值模拟 /
环境温度 /
冷岛效应 /
实地测试
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51776076）; 广东省重点培育项目（2018B030308006）
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