为了研究水泵水轮机水轮机工况启动过程转轮区域流态对叶片载荷的影响,以某水泵水轮机模型为研究对象,采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型开展水泵水轮机全流道三维数值计算,运用UDF技术和动网格方式,控制启动过渡过程活动导叶的开启过程,分析机组启动过程中转轮的转速变化,并与试验结果进行对比。结果表明：数值计算与试验结果吻合度较高,该文数值计算准确可行;启动过程中,在0~5 s区间,转轮叶道中间分布明显沿周向规律分布的叶道涡,叶道涡随开度的增加及转轮叶片来流条件的优化逐渐变小然后消失;启动过程来流与转轮叶片工作面发生冲击并在此区域形成高压区,导致叶片工作面进口位置压力载荷集中、相同半径处叶片工作面背面压力差较大。启动过程中转轮叶片来流与叶片工作面发生冲击是叶片压力载荷集中以及叶道涡的主要诱因。
Abstract
In order to study the influence of fluid flow on the blade load in the runner region during the startup process of the pump turbine, the reversible pump-turbine in a domestic pumped storage power station is studied. Based on Realizable k-ε turbulent model, the UDF in fluent is used to control the movement of the active guide vanes in the starting process. Based on the dynamic and sliding grid method and combined with the speed change of the iterative computer group in the internal flow field of the reversible pump-turbine in the start-up process, the unsteady flow of the whole passage of the pump-turbine is calculated. Results show that the results of the simulation calculation are in good agreement with the theoretical research. The simulation calculation method is accurate and feasible for startup process of the pump turbine. During the start-up process, in the 0-5 s time interval, vortices distributed along the circumferential direction are distributed in the flow channel. With the increase of the opening and the optimization of the flow conditions of the runner blade, the blade vortex gradually decreases and then disappears. During the start-up process, the incoming flow impacts with the runner blade working face and forms a high pressure zone, which causes concentrated pressure load at the inlet position of the blade, resulting in a large difference in pressure between the working face and the back of the blade. During the start-up process, the impact of the incoming fluid on the blade working face is the main cause of the blade pressure load concentration and the blade vortex.
关键词
水泵水轮机 /
启动过程 /
数值模拟 /
压力载荷
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] YU A, WANG Y S, TANG Q H, et al.Investigation of the vortex evolution and hydraulic excitation in a pump-turbine operating at different conditions[J]. Renewable energy, 2021, 171: 462-478.
[2] LI D K, XIA X, ZHOU L J, et al.Effect of outer edge modification on dynamic characteristics of pump turbine runner[J]. Engineering failure analysis, 2021, 124: 105379-105386.
[3] 胡秀成, 张立翔. 水泵水轮机增减负荷过程三维流动特性大涡模拟分析[J]. 水利学报, 2018, 49(4): 492-500.
HU X C, ZHANG L X .Numerical simulation of unsteady flow for a pump-turbine in transition cases with large-eddy simulation[J]. Journal of hydraulic engineering, 2018, 49(4): 492-500.
[4] 张金凤, 赖良庆, 陈圣波, 等. 基于改进粒子群算法的水泵水轮机多目标优化[J]. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 49(3): 86-92.
ZHANG J F, LAI L Q, CHEN S B, et al.Multi-objective optimization of pump-turbine based on improve partical swarm optimization algorithm[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(natural science edition), 2021, 49(3): 86-92.
[5] 李萍, 赖喜德, 宁楠. 水泵水轮机导叶动态水力矩特性分析[J]. 热能动力工程, 2020, 35(2): 87-93.
LI P, LAI X D, NING N.Dynamic hydraulic torque characteristic analysis of guide vane in a pump-turbine[J]. Journal of engineering for thermal energy and power, 2020, 35(2): 87-93.
[6] 李琪飞, 蒋雷, 李仁年, 等. 水泵水轮机反水泵工况区压力脉动特性分析[J]. 水利学报, 2015, 46(3): 350-356.
LI Q F, JIANG L, LI R N, et al.Study of pump-turbine pressure fluctuations at reverse pump mode[J]. Journal of hydraulic engineering, 2015, 46(3): 350-356.
[7] ZHANG X X, CHENG Y G, YANG Z Y, et al.Influence of rotational inertia on the runner radial forces of a model pump-turbine running away through the S-shaped characteristic region[J]. IET renewable power generation, 2020, 14(11): 1883-1893.
[8] 鲍海艳, 杨建东, 付亮. 基于微分几何的水电站过渡过程非线性控制[J]. 水利学报, 2010, 39(11): 1339-1345.
BAO H Y, YANG J D, FU L.Nonlinear control of the transient process in hydropower station based on differential geometry theory[J]. Journal of hydraulic engineering, 2010, 39(11): 1339-1345.
[9] SUH J W, YANG H M, KIM J H, et al.Unstable S-shape d characteristics of a pump-turbine unit in a lab-scale model[J]. Renewable energy, 2021, 171: 1395-1417.
[10] MAO X L, CHEN D Y, WANG Y C,et al.Investigation on optimization of self-adaptive closure law for load rejection to a reversible pump turbine based on CFD[J]. Journal of cleaner production, 2021, 283: 124739.
[11] YANG Q Y, LIU T H, LU W Z, et al.Numerical simulation of confluence flow in open channel with dynamic meshes techniques[J]. Advances in mechanical engineering, 2013, 5: 1-10.
[12] LI J W, LIU X R.Study on transfer characteristics of pressure fluctuation in a prototype pump-turbine[J]. IOP conference series: earth and environmental science, 2021, 627(1): 1-7.
[13] 李琪飞, 张震, 李仁年, 等. 带MGV装置水泵水轮机无叶区压力脉动特性[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2018, 36(12): 1270-1275.
LI Q F, ZHANG Z, LI R N, et al.Pressurefluctuation in vaneless space of pump turbine with Misaligned Guide Vanes[J]. Journal of drainage and irrigation machinery engineering, 2018, 36(12): 1270-1275.
[14] 李琪飞, 赵超本, 权辉, 等. 水泵水轮机飞逸工况下无叶区高速水环研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2019, 50(5): 159-166.
LI Q F, ZHAO C B, QUAN H, et al.Research on high- speed water ring in bladeless zone under runaway condition[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50(5): 159-166.
[15] 沈祖诒. 水轮机调节[M]. 第3版. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2008.
SHEN Z Y.Turbine control[M]. 3rd edition. Beijing: China Water & Power Press, 2008.
基金
国家自然科学基金（52066011）; 教育部重点实验室开放基金（szjj2019-025）
PDF(3291 KB)
