针对常规太阳能供热系统优化设计中太阳集热供热站设计与供热管网设计相互分离,供热管网热传输过程中热损失难以精准计算的问题,建立太阳能集中供热系统容量配置及热网管径协同优化模型,以系统全生命周期成本最小为优化目标,采用遗传算法求解,并通过具体算例与常规优化方法以及工程设计方法的计算结果进行对比分析。结果表明,利用协同优化模型进行太阳能集中供热系统设计,能够有效避免设计系统太阳能保证率偏小以及供热管网比摩阻不满足规范要求的现象。针对具体算例,当太阳能保证率由50%增至100%时,系统最优最低供水温度从60 ℃降至45 ℃;随着太阳能保证率的升高,系统单位太阳集热器面积所匹配的储热水箱体积增大,而系统供热管网管径保持不变。
Abstract
Present studies usually optimize the design of solar heating station and the heating network respectively in the optimization design of centralized solar heating systems. In this study, a joint model to simultaneously optimize the equipment capacity and heating network pipe diameter of the centralized solar heating system, with the optimization objective of minimization of life cycle cost, is established and solved by genetic algorithm. The results are analyzed and compared with the conventional method and engineering method through an exemplified case, which show that1） the joint optimization model could avoid the low solar fraction and high heating pipe resistance that do not meet the requirement; 2） the optimal minimum water supply temperature decreases from 60 ℃ to 45 ℃ as the solar fraction increases from 50% to 100%; 3） with the increase of solar fraction, the ratio of the water tank volume to solar collector area increases, while the pipe diameter of the heating network remains unchanged.
关键词
太阳能 /
太阳集热器 /
区域供热 /
优化设计 /
遗传算法 /
太阳能保证率
Key words
solar energy /
solar collector /
district heating /
optimization design /
genetic algorithms /
solar fraction
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] BORNATICO R, PFEIFFER M, WITZIG A, et al.Optimal sizing of a solar thermal building installation using particle swarm optimization[J]. Energy, 2012, 41(1): 31-37.
[2] LONG T H, QIAO Z Y, WANG M L, et al.Performance analysis and optimization of a solar-air source heat pump heating system in Tibet, China[J]. Energy and buildings, 2020, 220(1): 110084.
[3] QIU G D, YU S P, CAI W H.A novel heating strategy and its optimization of a solar heating system for a commercial building in term of economy[J]. Energy, 2021, 221: 119773.
[4] 祝彩霞, 刘艳峰, 孙婷婷, 等. 太阳能与空气源热泵联合供暖系统运行优化研究[J]. 建筑热能通风空调, 2020, 39(4): 53-57.
ZHU C X, LIU Y F, SUN T T, et al.Operation optimization of solar energy and air source heat pump combined heating system[J]. Building energy & environment, 2020, 39(4): 53-57.
[5] 孙巍, 楚纪正. 基于粒子群优化算法的热网优化设计[J]. 煤气与热力, 2008, 28(7): 14-17.
SUN W, CHU J Z.Optimization design of heat-supply network based on particle swarm optimization algorithm[J]. Gas & heat, 2008, 28(7): 14-17.
[6] 李祥立, 邹平华. 基于模拟退火算法的供热管网优化设计[J]. 暖通空调, 2005(4): 81-85.
LI X L, ZOU P H.Optimization design of heat supply network based on simulated annealing algorithm[J]. Heating venting & air conditioning, 2005(4): 81-85.
[7] ZENG J, HAN J, ZHANG G.Diameter optimization of district heating and cooling piping network based on hourly load[J]. Applied thermal engineering, 2016, 107: 750-757.
[8] PIROUTI M, BAGDANAVICIUS A, EKANAYAKE J, et al.Energy consumption and economic analyses of a district heating network[J]. Energy, 2013, 57(8): 149-159.
[9] 王登甲, 刘艳峰. 太阳能热水采暖蓄热水箱温度分层分析[J]. 建筑热能通风空调, 2010(1): 16-19.
WANG D J, LIU Y F.Temperature stratification studying of heat storage tank[J]. Building energy & environment, 2010(1): 16-19.
[10] MYEONG J K.Analysis and optimization design of a solar water heating system based on life cycle cost using a genetic algorithm[J]. Energies, 2016, 8(10): 73-98.
[11] 郭放, 张俊月, 田原, 等. 太阳能采暖系统储热水箱体积匹配研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(9): 225-232.
GUO F, ZHANG J Y, TIAN Y, et al.Analysis on size of storage tank in solar space heating system[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2020, 41(9): 225-232.
[12] LIU Y F, ZHOU W H, LUO X, et al.Design and operation optimization of multi-source complementary heating system based on air source heat pump in Tibetan area of western Sichuan, China[J]. Energy and buildings, 2021, 242: 110979.
[13] HUANG J P, FAN J H, FURBO S, et al. Economic analysis and optimization of combined solar district heating technologies and systems[J]. Energy, 2019, 186(1): 115886/1-115886/16.
[14] 建设部标准定额研究所. 市政工程投资估算指集中供热热力网工程(HGZ47-108-2007)[M]. 第8册. 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2007.
Institute of the ministry of construction standard quota. Estimated index of investment invested in municipal engineering, central heating network engineering(HGZ47-108-2007)[M]. Volume 8. Beijing: China Planning Press, 2007.
基金
国家自然科学基金（U20A20311; 52008328）
PDF(1831 KB)
