面向&#x0201c;双碳&#x0201d;目标的脆弱区域生态光伏模式研究

隋欣; 魏毅; 罗小林; 吴赛男

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2021-0837

PDF(1471 KB)

太阳能学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7) : 56-63. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2021-0837

面向“双碳”目标的脆弱区域生态光伏模式研究

隋欣^1,2, 魏毅³, 罗小林^1,2, 吴赛男^1,2

作者信息 +

EMERGENCE OF A NEW PATTERN OF ECOLOGICAL SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS （ECO-PV） IN ECOLOGICALLY FRAGILE AREAS DRIVEN BY CARBON PEAK AND NEUTRALITY TARGETS IN CHINA

Sui Xin^1,2, Wei Yi³, Luo Xiaolin^1,2, Wu Sainan^1,2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

光伏作为大力发展的零碳能源之一,是“双碳”目标达成的主力军,有必要对生态光伏模式进行研究。在总结分析光伏阵列对气象、土壤和植被的影响,光伏电站区域的固碳增汇效益和生态系统服务价值估算研究现状的基础上,从成本约束下的生态-经济效益最大化和固碳效益最优化角度,提出了生态光伏的概念和内涵;基于脆弱区域特征,融合生态系统过程模型和InVEST效益核算模型,构建基于“双碳”目标的脆弱区域生态光伏模式。研究结果可为光伏发电与脆弱区域生态修复双重效益核算,开发路径识别,行业标准出台提供参考。

Abstract

China recently announced that it would aim to achieve peak CO₂ emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060 （i.e. carbon peak and neutrality targets）. Undoubtedly, solar photovoltaics （PV）, as a zero-carbon energy source, is going to play a major role in national energy transition. Thus, it is urgent to study an ecological solar photovoltaics pattern （Eco-PV） to reach the dual goals together, renewable electricity generation at the same time sustainable ecosystems. This study first analyzed and summarized the impact of PV arrays on micrometeorology, soil and vegetation, the benefits of carbon sequestration in the PV plant areas, and the evaluation of the value of ecosystem services. A new concept and intentions of Eco-PV was proposed to optimize the integrated value of emissions, ecological and economic benefits under the constraint of economic costs, while also considering the structure, function and service value of the ecosystem. Additionally, an Eco-PV pattern in ecologically fragile areas was proposed based on the characteristic of ecologically fragile areas, and combining the ecosystem process and valuation models of ecosystem services such as InVEST （Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs）. As a holic tool, it will put forward on breaking the bottleneck of land use of the PV industry, and identify the optimal developing path to guiding the future Eco-PV industry standard.

导出引用

隋欣, 魏毅, 罗小林, 吴赛男. 面向“双碳”目标的脆弱区域生态光伏模式研究[J]. 太阳能学报. 2022, 43(7): 56-63 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2021-0837

Sui Xin, Wei Yi, Luo Xiaolin, Wu Sainan. EMERGENCE OF A NEW PATTERN OF ECOLOGICAL SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS （ECO-PV） IN ECOLOGICALLY FRAGILE AREAS DRIVEN BY CARBON PEAK AND NEUTRALITY TARGETS IN CHINA[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2022, 43(7): 56-63 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2021-0837

中图分类号： TM615

参考文献

[1] 金晨, 任大伟, 肖晋宇, 等. 支撑碳中和目标的电力系统源-网-储灵活性资源优化规划研究[J]. 中国电力. 2021, 54(8): 164-174
JIN C, REN D W, XIAO J Y, et al.Optimization planning on power system supply-grid-storage flexibility resource for supporting the “Carbon Neutrality” Target of China[J]. Electric power. 2021, 54(8): 164-174 .
[2] 国土资源部. 《光伏发电站工程项目用地控制指标》(国土资规〔2015〕11号) [EB/OL].http://f.mnr.gov.cn/201703/t20170329_1447083.html, [2015-12-02].
[3] 国家林业和草原局. 第五次全国荒漠化和沙化状况公报[R/OL]. WWW.forestry. gov.CN. 2015.
[4] YANG L W, GAO X Q, LV F, et al.Study on the local climatic effects of large photovoltaic solar farms in desert areas[J]. Solar energy, 2017, 144: 244-253.
[5] TOUIL S, RICHA A, FIZIR M, et al.Shading effect of photovoltaic panels on horticulture crops production: a mini review[J]. Reviews in environmental science and bio/technology, 2021, 20(2): 281-296.
[6] SCHINDELE S, TROMMSDORFF M, SCHLAAK A, et al.Implementation of agrophotovoltaics: Techno-economic analysis of the price-performance ratio and its policy implications[J]. Applied energy, 2020, 265: 114737.
[7] ARMSTRONG A, OSTLE N J, WHITAKER J. Solar park impacts on air and soil microclimate[C]//AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. San Francisco, 2015, WILEY, GC51H-04.
[8] ADEH E H, SELKER J S, HIGGINS C W, et al.Remarkable agrivoltaic influence on soil moisture, micrometeorology and water-use efficiency[J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(11): e0203256.
[9] ARAKI K, NAGAI H, LEE K H, et al.Analysis of impact to optical environment of the land by flat-plate and array of tracking PV panels[J]. Solar energy, 2017, 144: 278-285.
[10] TANNER K E, MOORE K A, PAVLIK B M.Changes to shade and water regimes imposed by solar development affect desert plant performance and community attributes[C]//99th ESA Annual Convention Sacramento,California, 2014, 42(2): 15-16.
[11] 王祺, 尚雯, 常兆丰, 等. 沙漠戈壁光伏产业太阳能利用率研究——以甘肃河西走廊为例[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(11): 132-140.
WANG Q, SHANG W, CHANG Z F, et al.Study on solar energy utilization of photovoltaic industry in gobi and desert regions——Take Gansu Hexi corridor as an example[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2020, 41(11): 132-140.
[12] LIU Y, ZHANG R Q, HUANG Z, et al.Solar photovoltaic panels significantly promote vegetation recovery by modifying the soil surface microhabitats in arid sandy ecosystem[J]. Land degradation and development, 2019, 30(18): 2177-2186.
[13] BARRON-GAFFORD G A, MINOR R L, ALLEN N A, et al. The Photovoltaic Heat Island Effect: Larger solar power plants increase local temperatures[J]. Scientific reports, 2016, 6: 35070.
[14] CHANG R, SHEN Y, LUO Y, et al.Observed surface radiation and temperature impacts from the large-scale deployment of photovoltaics in the barren area of Gonghe, China[J]. Renewable energy, 2018, 118(APR.): 131-137.
[15] BROADBENT A M, KRAYENHOFF E S, GEORGESCU M, et al.The observed effects of utility-scale photovoltaics on near-surface air temperature and energy balance[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2019, 58(5): 989-1006.
[16] 吴川东, 苏泽兵, 刘鹄, 等. 干旱、半干旱区光伏发电设施的生态-水文效应研究评述[J]. 高原气象, 2021, 40(3): 690-701.
WU C D, SU Z B, LIU H, et al.Eco-hydrological effects of photovoltaic power generation facilities on dryland ecosystems: a review[J/OL]. Plateau meteorology, 2021, 40(3): 690-701.
[17] ZHANG X H, XU M. Assessing the effects of photovoltaic powerplants on surface temperature using remote sensing techniques[J]. Remote sensing, 2020, 12(11): 1825. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12111825.
[18] 李国庆, Armstrong Alona, 刘哲. 光伏电场对地表温度的影响研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(12): 123-129.
LI G Q, ARMSTRONG A, LIU Z.Effect of solar photovoltaic power field on land surface temperature[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2020, 41(12): 123-129.
[19] 崔永琴, 冯起, 孙家欢, 等. 西北地区光伏电站植被恢复模式研究综述[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017, 27(3): 206-209.
CUI Y Q, FENG Q, SUN J H, et al.A review of revegetation patterns of photovoltaic plant in northwest China[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 37(3): 206-209.
[20] SUURONEN A.Ecological and social impacts of photovoltaic solar power plants and optimization of their locations in northern Chile[R/OL]. http: urn.fi/URN: ISBN: 978-951-39-7248-6. 2017.
[21] 谭立海, 马鹿, 安志山, 等. 青海省共和盆地光伏发电基地风沙灾害现状、成因及其防治措施[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017, 37(03): 182-187.
TAN L H, MA L, AN Z S, et al.Present situation, causes and control measures of Aeolian sand disaster in photovoltaic power generation base in Gonghe basin, Qinghai province[J]. Bulletin of soil and water conservation, 2017, 37(3): 182-187.
[22] WALSTON, L J, MISHRA S K, HARTMANN H M, et al.Examining the potential for agricultural benefits from pollinator habitat at solar facilities in the United States[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2018, 52(13): 7566-7576.
[23] MARROU H, GUILIONI L, DUFOUR L, et al.Microclimate under agrivoltaic systems: Is crop growth rate affected in the partial shade of solar panels[J]. Agricultural & forest meteorology, 2013, 177(6): 117-132.
[24] BAHN M, LATTANZI F A, HASIBEDER R, et al.Responses of belowground carbon allocation dynamics to extended shading in mountain grassland[J]. New phytologist, 2013, 198(1): 116-126.
[25] LAMBERS H, STUART CHAPIN Ⅲ, PONS T L. Plant physiological ecology:life cycles: environmental influences and adaptations[M/OL]. https://link.spring.com/chaper/10.1007/978-0-387-78341-3(Chapter 11): 375-402.
[26] 陆霁, 张颖, 李怒云. 林业碳汇交易可借鉴的国际经验[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2013, 23(12): 22-27.
LU J, ZHANG Y, LI N Y.Forest carbon sink trade referenced to overseas experiences[J]. China population, resources and environment, 2013, 23(12): 22-27.
[27] FANG J Y, YANG Y H, WENHONG M A, et al.Ecosystem carbon stocks and their changes in China’s grasslands[J]. Science China (Life Sciences), 2010, 53(7): 757-765.
[28] 杨博宇, 白中科. 碳中和背景下煤矿区土地生态系统碳源/汇研究进展及其减排对策[J]. 中国矿业, 2021, 30(5): 1-9.
YANG B Y, BAI Z K.Research advances and emission reduction measures in carbon source and sink of land ecosystems in coal mining area under the carbon neutrality[J]. China mining magazine, 2021, 30(5): 1-9.
[29] OSTLE N J, LEVY P E, EVANS C D, et al.UK land use and soil carbon sequestration[J]. Land use policy, 2009, 26S(Suppl): 274-283.
[30] DE FRENNE P, RODRIGUEZ-SÁNCHEZ F, COOMES D A, et al. Microclimate moderates plant responses to macroclimate warming[J/OL]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013, 110(46): 18561-18565. https: //doi: 10.1073/pnas.1311190110.
[31] PENG S S, PIAO S L, CIAIS P, et al.Asymmetric effects of daytime and night-time warming on Northern Hemisphere vegetation[J]. Nature, 2013, 501: 88-92.
[32] WALSTON L J, LI Y, HARTMANN H M, et al.Modeling the ecosystem services of native vegetation management practices at solar energy facilities in the Midwestern United States[J]. Ecosystem services, 2021, 47: 101227.
[33] ARMSTRONG A, OSTLE N J, WHITAKER J.Solar park microclimate and vegetation management effects on grassland carbon cycling[J]. Environmental research letters, 2016, 11(7): 074016.
[34] 何霄嘉, 王磊, 柯兵, 等. 中国喀斯特生态保护与修复研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(18): 6577-658.
HE X J, WANG L, KE B, et al.Progress on ecological conservation and restoration for China Karst[J]. Acta ecologica sinica, 2019, 39(18): 6577-658.
[35] 费怡, 王继燕, 王泽根. 若尔盖高原土地沙化及其成因定量分析[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2019, 33(8): 148-154.
FEI Y, WANG J Y, WANG Z G.Dynamic changes of land desertification in Zoige Plateau[J]. Journal of arid land resources and environment, 2019, 33(8): 148-154.
[36] 国家林业和草原局. 中国岩溶地区石漠化状况公报[R/OL]. www.forestry.gov.cv. 2018.
[37] 刘军会, 邹长新, 高吉喜, 等. 中国生态环境脆弱区范围界定[J]. 生物多样性, 2015, 23(6): 725-732.
LIU J H, ZOU C X, GAO J X, et al.Location determination of ecologically vulnerable regions in China[J]. Biodiversity science, 2015, 23(6): 725-732.
[38] 屠志方, 李梦先, 孙涛. 第五次全国荒漠化和沙化监测结果及分析[J]. 林业资源管理, 2016(1): 1-5, 13.
TU Z F, LI M X, SUN T.The Status and trend analysis of desertification and sandification[J]. Forest resources management, 2016(1): 1-5, 13.
[39] 陈艳英, 徐彦平, 杨琴, 等. 基于Landsat 8巫山石漠化区域监测识别方法探讨[J]. 气象科技进展, 2021, 11(2): 76-81.
CHEN Y Y, XU Y P, YANG Q, et al.Discussion on monitoring and recognition method of wushan rocky desertification area based on Landsat 8[J]. Advances in meteorological science and technology, 2021, 11(2): 76-81.
[40] BURNEY J, WOLTERING L, BURKE M, et al.Solar-powered drip irrigation enhances food security in the Sudano-Sahel[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010, 107(5): 1848-1853.
[41] YUE S J, GUO M J, ZOU P H, et al.Effects of photovoltaic panels on soil temperature and moisture in desert areas[J]. Environmental science and pollution research, 2021, 28(12): 17506-17518.
[42] 徐忠山, 杨彦明, 陈晓晶, 等. 菌肥对混播牧草土壤酶活性及微生物的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2018(6): 77-83.
XU Z S, YANG Y M, CHEN X J, et al.The effects of microbial fertilizer and mixed-sowing on soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass[J]. Soil and fertilizer sciences in China, 2018(6): 77-83.
[43] 胡朝华, 刘曰明, 庞孜钦, 等. 农田土壤活性氮损失现状和生物炭调控途径研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(6): 120-129.
HU C H, LIU Y M, PANG Z Q, et al.Research progress on the current status of reactive nitrogen losses from cropland soil and the regulation pathways of biochar amendment[J]. Journal of agricultural science and technology, 2021, 23(6): 120-129.
[44] 彭书时, 岳超, 常锦峰. 陆地生物圈模型的发展与应用[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(4): 436-448.
PENG S S, YUE C, CHANG J F.Developments and applications of terrestrial biosphere model[J]. Chinese journal of plant ecology, 2020, 44(4): 436-448.
[45] 斯瑶, 张振振. 不同气象条件下Biome-BGC模型碳通量模拟精度评价[J]. 三峡生态环境监测, 2019(3): 59-67.
SI Y, ZHANG Z Z.Evaluation on the accuracy of carbon flux simulation based on biome-BGC model under different meteorological conditions[J]. Ecology and environmental monitoring of Three Gorges, 2019(3): 59-67.
[46] 黄从红, 杨军, 张文娟. 生态系统服务功能评估模型研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2013, 32(12): 3360-3367.
HUANG C H, YANG J, ZHANG W J.Development of ecosystem services evaluation models: Research progress[J]. Chinese journal of ecology, 2013, 32(12): 3360-3367.