针对集中参数法难以考虑齿圈柔性而有限元法计算量大的问题,以风电行星轮系为研究对象在集中参数/有限元混合法基础上提出一种揭示内啮合齿轮副延长啮合现象的分析方法。首先采用集中参数法建立风电行星轮系的动力学模型,并求解获得动态啮合力;随后,运用有限元法建立行星轮系内啮合齿轮副的有限元模型,并开展静态接触分析从而获得内啮合齿轮副各啮合位置发生多齿啮合时的变形阈值;最后,将集中参数模型获得的动态啮合力施加在内齿圈有限元模型上计算出内齿圈的动态响应,并结合发生多齿啮合时的变形阈值,从而揭示在不同负载和支撑数量下内齿圈上多齿啮合的分布区域,获得接触应力和齿根应力,分析啮合齿对数量改变前后对应力的影响。结果表明：考虑齿轮柔性后,内啮合齿轮副会出现除理论啮合齿对外其他齿对相接触的现象;随着负载扭矩的增大,内齿圈上三齿啮合首先发生在支撑两侧,随后三齿啮合发生区域不断增加;当行星轮与内齿圈间的啮合由理论两齿啮合变为三齿啮合时,其齿面接触应力和齿根应力小于其在相同时刻只计入两齿啮合时的应力值。
Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the lumped parameter method is difficult to consider the flexibility of gear ring and the finite element method has a large amount of calculation, an analytical method to reveal the extended tooth contact phenomenon of internal gear pair was proposed based on the lumped parameter/finite element method for the planetary gear system of wind turbine. Firstly, the dynamic model of the wind turbine planetary gear system was established by the method of lumped parameter, and the dynamic meshing force was obtained by solving the solution. Then, the finite element model of the internal gear pair of the planetary gear system was established by using finite element method, and the static contact analysis was carried out to obtain the deformation threshold of the internal gear pair when multiple teeth meshed at each meshing position. Finally, the dynamic meshing force obtained from the lumped parameter model exerted on the ring gear finite element model to calculate the dynamic response of the ring gear, and combined with multiple teeth meshing deformation threshold, which revealed under different load and support number the area distribution of multiple teeth meshing of ring gear, obtained the contact stress and tooth root stress, analyses the influence of stress of meshing teeth number change. The results show that, considering the flexibility of the gear, the contact between internal gear pair will occur to other teeth pairs except the theoretical contact teeth. With the increase of load torque, three teeth meshing on the ring gear first occurs on both sides of the support, and then the area of three teeth meshing increases continuously. When the meshing between the planet gear and the ring gear changes from the theoretical two-tooth meshing to the three-tooth meshing due to deformation, the contact stress and the tooth root stress will be less than the stress value when only the two teeth meshing are included in the same time.
关键词
风力发电机 /
行星轮系 /
有限元法 /
动态啮合特性 /
接触应力
Key words
wind turbines /
planetary gear system /
finite element method /
dynamic meshing characteristic /
contact stress
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基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划（2021B01003-1）; 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金（2021D01C050）; 国家自然科学基金（51665054）
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