风力发电机叶片的风沙冲蚀问题是风电机组耐候性研究的重点之一,该文通过数值模拟的方法,基于1.5 MW的叶片,建立相似模型,研究不同沙尘粒径、不同来流风速和不同叶尖攻角等冲蚀条件对叶片的磨损特性及规律。研究表明：叶片受到的磨蚀率随风速增大而增加,在9 m/s风速时冲蚀分布集中于叶根、叶尖附近,随着风速增大冲蚀由叶根向叶片的中后段移动,且冲蚀效果更显著;随着沙粒粒径增大,叶片磨蚀率逐渐增大,且集中在叶根和叶片中前段;风沙冲蚀角度影响叶片表面的冲蚀分布,角度越大,冲蚀分布的面积越大。
Abstract
One of the key points of wind turbine weather resistance research is the wind-sand erosion and wear of wind turbine blades. In this paper, the erosion and wear characteristics and rules of wind turbine blades are studied under different erosion conditions such as different sand diameters, different incoming wind speeds and different blade tip attack angles by numerical simulation method to established similarity model, based on 1.5 MW wind turbine blades. The results show that the erosion rate of the blade increases with the increase of wind speed. When the wind speed is 9 m/s, the erosion distribution is concentrated near the blade root and blade tip, and with the increase of wind speed, the erosion moves from the blade root to the middle and rear segment of the blade, and the erosion effect is more significant. with the increase of sand diameter The blade abrasion rate gradually increased. And the location of erosion and wear is concentrated in the blade root and the middle and front section of the blade. The erosion angle of sand-carrying wind affects the erosion distribution on the blade surface. The larger the erosion angle, the larger the area of erosion distribution.
关键词
风力机 /
叶片 /
磨蚀 /
计算流体力学 /
DPM模型
Key words
wind turbines /
blades /
erosion /
CFD /
discrete phase model（DPM）
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 樊华. 呼和浩特市西乌布浪风电场49.5 MW工程可行性研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2012.
FAN H.The feasibility study for Hohhot Xiubulang 49.5 MW windfarm project[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2012.
[2] 刘文斐. 基于PLC冲蚀磨损试验台风速控制系统的研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2014.
LIU W F.Research of wind speed control system for erosion wear experiment based on PLC[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2014.
[3] 于洪明, 孙鸿. 风电机组叶片翼型设计与气动性能分析[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(Z1): 466-468.
YU H M, SUN H.Airfoil design and aerodynamic performance analysis of wind turbine blade[J]. Materials reports, 2020, 34(Z1): 466-468.
[4] 高津. 风沙环境下风力机叶片涂层冲蚀磨损分区的研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2019.
GAO J.Study on coatings wear partition of wind turbine blade by wind-borne sands[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019.
[5] 李银然, 郭兴铎, 李德顺, 等. 气固两相对翼型层流分离及转捩的影响研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2019, 40(9): 2418-2423.
LI Y R, GUO X D, LI D S, et al.Investigation of gas-solid two-phase effect on laminnar separation and transition of airfoil[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2019, 40(9): 2418-2423.
[6] MAJOR D, PALACIOS J, MAUGHMER M, et al.A numerical model for the analysis of leading-edge protection tapes for wind turbine blades[J]. Journal of physics: conference series, 2020, 1452(1): 012058.
[7] DOAGOU-RAD S, MISHNAEVSKY L.Rain erosion of wind turbine blades: Computational analysis of parameters controlling the surface degradation[J]. Meccanica, 2020, 55(4): 725-743.
[8] VERMA A S, CASTRO S G P, JIANG Z Y, et al. Numerical investigation of rain droplet impact on offshore wind turbine blades under different rainfall conditions: A parametric study[J]. Composite structures, 2020(2): 112096.
[9] 李德顺, 王成泽, 李银然, 等. 风沙环境下风力机叶片冲蚀磨损的数值研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2018, 39(3): 627-632.
LI D S, WANG C Z, LI Y R, et al.Numerical simulation of wind turbine blade erosion in sandy environment[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2018, 39(3): 627-632.
[10] 李德顺, 王亚娥, 郭兴铎, 等. 沙粒形状对风力机翼型磨损特性及临界颗粒Stokes数的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(12): 224-231.
LI D S, WANG Y E, GUO X D, et al.Effects of particle shape on erosion characteristic and critical particle Stokes number of wind turbine airfoil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2019, 35(12): 224-231.
[11] 戴丽萍, 姚世刚, 王晓东, 等. 含沙气流对风力机叶片冲蚀性能影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2018, 39(1): 247-252.
DAI L P, YAO S G, WANG X D, et al.Numerical investigation of wind turbine blades erosion chara cteristics impacted by air flow containing sand particles[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2018, 39(1): 247-252.
[12] 张永, 黄超, 刘召, 等. 挟沙风作用下风力机叶片涂层冲蚀特性研究[J]. 材料导报, 2016, 30(10): 95-99.
ZHANG Y, HUANG C, LIU Z, et al.Research on erosion properties of wind turbine blade coating under the wind-carrying action[J]. Materials reports, 2016, 30(10): 95-99.
[13] 张永, 刘召, 黄超, 等. 挟沙风作用下风力机叶片涂层冲蚀磨损研究进展[J]. 新能源进展, 2015, 3(5): 331-335.
ZHANG Y, LIU Z, HUANG C, et al.Research process on erosion wear of wind turbine blade coating by wind-borne sands[J]. Advances in new and renewable energy, 2015, 3(5): 331-335.
[14] 李明, 田德, 王海宽, 等. 变桨距风力发电机组叶片模型的载荷测试实验[J]. 太阳能学报, 2013, 34(9): 1574-1578.
LI M, TIAN D, WANG H K, et al.Load test experiment of variable pitch wind turbine rotor blade model[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2013, 34(9): 1574-1578.
[15] 康师源. 风机叶片冲蚀磨损数值模拟研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆大学, 2015.
KANG S Y.Study on numerical simulation of wind turbine blade erosion[D]. Urmuqi: Xinjiang University, 2015.
[16] 姚正毅, 杨经培, 朱开文. 近六年来阿拉善高原沙尘暴特点分析[J]. 科技创新导报, 2007(33): 167-168, 170.
YAO Z Y, YANG J P, ZHU K W.Analysis on the characteristics of sandstorms on the Alxa Plateau in the past six years[J]. Science and technology innovation herald, 2007(33): 167-168, 170.
[17] 韩巧丽. 大容量浓缩风能型风力发电机模型气动特性的实验研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2006.
HAN Q L.Experimental study on pneumatic characteristic of the large capacity concentrated wind energy turbine model[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2006.
基金
国家自然科学基金（51766017）; 内蒙古自然科学基金（2019MS05035）
PDF(2331 KB)
