提出一种双压冷凝梯级加热热泵热水器（DPS）系统新构型,采用碳氢非共沸工质作为制冷剂,可实现热水的连续梯级低㶲加热,采用黄金分割法对系统热力性能进行优化。结果表明,非共沸工质的DPS系统的热力学性能优于纯质的DPS系统和单级热泵系统,双压冷凝系统在最优中间水温时取得最大COP。名义工况下,采用R600/R601a（40/60）的DPS系统COP高达5.17,相对采用纯质的DPS系统和单级系统分别提高9.45%和14.25%。采用温度滑移合理的非共沸工质可显著减少㶲损,改善冷凝器的热匹配特性,系统㶲效率最高提升11.70%,名义工况下推荐R600/R601a（40/60）作为工质对。
Abstract
A new configuration of dual-pressure condensation heat pump water heater system （DPS） is proposed, and hydrocarbon （HC） zeotropic working medium is used as refrigerant. Therefore, the water is heated continously step by step with low exergy destruction in the condenser. Then, the thermal performance of the system is optimized by golden section method. The results indicate that the thermodynamic with pure refrigerant. The dual-pressure condensation system obtains the maximum coefficient of performance （COP） at the optimal intermediate water temperature. Under the normal working condition of the heat pump water heater, the COP of DPS system using R600/R601a（40/60） is as high as 5.17, which is 9.45% and 14.25% higher than that of DPS system and the single-stage system with pure refrigerant, respectively. When non-zeotropic working medium with suitable temperature glide is used, the exergy destruction can be significantly reduced to improve thermal matching of the condenser, the exergy efficiency of the overall system is enhanced by up to 11.70%. Consequently, it is recommended that R600/R601a（40/60） is the best candidate for water heater heat pump under normal working condition.
关键词
制冷剂 /
热泵系统 /
碳氢化合物 /
能效 /
温度匹配
Key words
refrigerant /
heat pump system /
hydrocarbon /
energy efficiency /
temperature matching
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51806151）; 天津市自然科学（20JCQNJC00600）; 大学生创新创业训练项目（202110069067）
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