针对恒转速运行时,大型风电机组承受的不平衡载荷问题,提出一种多输入多输出的风电机组模型预测（MPC）独立变桨控制策略。首先,建立风电机组旋转坐标系下的状态空间模型,经过坐标变换得到固定坐标系下的平均周期模型,分析表明模型在非对角存在无法忽视的耦合;然后,计算所需观测器和控制器的参数,进一步设计基于Kalman状态观测器的多输入与多输出的模型预测独立变桨控制器;最后,分析NREL 5 MW风电机组平台在湍流风作用下集中变桨、传统独立变桨以及模型预测独立变桨控制策略的载荷特性与运行特性。结果表明,与传统的PI独立变桨控制相比,多输入多输出模型预测独立变桨控制器具有更好的降载效果,且不会引起功率波动。
Abstract
Aiming at the problem of unbalanced load borne by large-scale wind turbines during constant speed operation, a model predictive control （MPC） individual pitch control strategy for wind turbines with multiple inputs and multiple outputs is proposed. First, establish the state space model of the wind turbine in the rotating coordinate system, and obtain the average period model in the fixed coordinate system through coordinate transformation. The analysis result shows that the model has a non-diagonal coupling that cannot be ignored; Then calculate the required observer and controller parameters, and further design the multi-input and multi-output model prediction individual pitch controller based on the Kalman state observer. The input and multi-output model predicts the individual pitch controller; Finally, the load characteristics and operating characteristics of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine platform under the action of turbulent wind are analyzed for the centralized pitch, the traditional individual pitch, and the model-predicted individual pitch control strategy. The results show that compared with the traditional PI individual pitch control, the MIMO model predictive individual pitch controller has a better load reduction effect without causing power fluctuations.
关键词
风电机组 /
独立变桨控制 /
模型预测控制 /
坐标变换 /
载荷控制
Key words
wind turbines /
individual pitch control /
model predictive control /
coordinate transformation /
load mitigation
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2018YFB1501304）
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