为降低风力机对周围居民的噪声污染,提出一种用于分布式风力机的塔架表面缠绕螺旋线的降噪方案。以S2030翼型风力机为计算模型,以螺旋线高度、螺距、螺头数、覆盖范围及旋向为因素,近尾迹辐射噪声总声压级为评价指标进行正交试验,在额定工况下利用ANSYS Fluent数值模拟平台LES/FWH方法进行数值计算。结果表明：螺旋线高度h为5.5 mm、螺距P/d为0.5、螺头数N为4、覆盖面积为全部、旋向为逆时针时为最优组合。各因素对总声压级影响的程度由大到小为螺距>高度>覆盖范围>螺头数>旋向。塔架缠绕螺旋线能有效降低200~2000 Hz中高频噪声声压级。降噪效果随轴向距离的增大而增大,最高可降低总声压级13.19 dB（A）。
Abstract
To reduce the noise pollution caused by wind turbines, a noise reduction scheme is proposed in which helical wires are positioned on the surface of the towers of distributed wind turbines. Taking the S2030 airfoil wind turbine as the calculation model, orthogonal test is carried out with helical wires height, pitch, number of screw heads, coverage and rotation direction as factors, and the total sound pressure level of near-wake radiated noise as evaluation index. LES/FWH method is used for numerical calculation and analysis under rated operating conditions on the ANSYS Fluent numerical simulation platform. The results show that the helical wires height h is 5.5 mm, the pitch P/D is 0.5, the number of screw heads N is 4, the coverage area is all, and the anticlockwise rotation is the optimal combination. The influence degree of various factors on the total sound pressure level is as follows： pitch>height>coverage>number of screw heads>rotation direction. The tower winding helical wires can effectively reduce the sound pressure level of medium and high frequency noise of 200-2000 Hz. The noise reduction effect increases with the increase of the axial distance, and the total sound pressure level can be reduced by up to 13.19 dB（A）.
关键词
风力机 /
降噪 /
塔架 /
螺旋线 /
优化设计
Key words
wind turbines /
noise abatement /
towers /
helical wires /
optimization design
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基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金重大项目（2018ZD08）; 国家自然科学基金（51866012）
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