针对现有车载燃料电池管道在吹扫过程中氢气侧管道由于低温结冰易受阻,从而导致冷启动困难的问题,提出氢气管道两级吹扫方案,以实现对燃料电池堆氢管中剩余水、蒸汽含量的独立控制,降低冷启动时的加热能耗,避免冷启动失效。通过三维仿真对4种不同工况下阴极中段在不同时间的温度、阴极中段在不同时间的冰体积分数、电池纵向截面表面不同时间的温度进行分析,结果表明该方案可实现在-20 ℃温度下20 s内的平稳冷启动,既解决了低温冷启动困难问题,又保证了冷启动后的电堆输出性能。
Abstract
The hydrogen side pipeline is prone to being blocked due to the low-temperature icing in the purging process of the existing on-board fuel cell pipeline, which tends to result in the difficulty of a cold start. In response to this problem, a two-stage purging scheme of the hydrogen pipeline is proposed, so as to realize an independent control of the content of residual water and steam in the hydrogen pipe of fuel cell stack, reduce the heating energy consumption during a cold start and avoid the failure of the cold start. Based on a three-dimensional simulation, the temperatures of the middle section of the mid cathode at different times, the ice volume fractions of the section at different times and the temperatures on the surface of the longitudinal section of the battery at different times under four different working conditions are analyzed. Results show that this scheme can achieve a stable cold start in 20 seconds at -20 ℃, which offers the solution to the difficulty in low-temperature cold start, and meanwhile ensures the output performance of an electric pile after a cold start.
关键词
氢燃料电池 /
仿真建模 /
扫气 /
管道 /
电堆启动
Key words
hydrogen fuel cell /
simulation modeling /
purging /
hydrogen pipeline /
reactor startup
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基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究一般项目（2020JM-645）
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