以氢气为主要燃料的质子交换膜燃料电池是一种良好的清洁能源利用介质,为应对“双碳目标”的挑战,提出基于质子交换膜燃料电池与电转气（P2G）混合储能并考虑系统中风电、光伏出力不确定性因素的综合能源系统模型。首先,对膜燃料电池进行精细化建模分析;其次,对风电、光伏等新能源采取基于小波变换-神经网络的短期预测;最后,建立包含设备运行维护成本、实时电价政策的外购能源等经济成本以及碳惩罚成本的最小优化目标的混合整数线性规划模型,且以系统安全稳定运行为约束。某园区的算例分析结果表明,所提出的考虑新能源出力与PEMFC-P2G混合储能优化模型能有效降低运行成本、减少碳排放,具有良好的经济性与环保性。
Abstract
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC） with hydrogen as the main fuel is a good clean energy utilization device. In order to meet the challenge of " carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals ", an integrated energy system model based on the hybrid energy storage of proton exchange membrane fuel cell and power-to-gas （P2G） and considering the uncertainties of wind power and photovoltaic output in the system is proposed. Firstly, the membrane fuel cell is finely modeled and analyzed. Secondly, the short-term prediction based on the wavelet transform-neural network is adopted for new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics; finally, a mixed integer linear programming model including the equipment operation and maintenance cost, real-time electricity price policies, and carbon penalty cost is established, while the system is constrained by safety and steady operation. The results of the numerical analysis for an industrial park show that the proposed optimization model considering new energy output and PEMFC-P2G hybrid energy storage can effectively reduce operating cost and carbon emission, and has excellent economy and environmental protection.
关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池 /
储能 /
小波变换 /
风电 /
综合能源系统 /
碳惩罚成本
Key words
PEMFC /
energy storage /
wavelet transform /
wind power /
integrated energy system /
carbon penalty cost
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