为研究流道结构对质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）反应气体质量传输及输出性能的影响,建立翅脉流道、叶脉流道及蛇形流道的三维PEMFC几何模型,并对比3种流道的反应气体浓度分布、压力分布及电流密度分布,最后对翅脉流道结构参数进行优化。结果表明,与蛇形流道、叶脉流道相比,翅脉流道能明显改善流道和扩散层内反应气体浓度分布的均匀性,有利于强化反应气体向催化层的质量传递;翅脉流道能减小气体压力分布梯度,使反应气体扩散更加充分;翅脉流道的平均膜电流密度更大,有利于促进电化学反应稳定进行;翅脉流道能改善PEMFC的输出性能,翅脉流道峰值功率密度比蛇形流道、叶脉流道分别提高7.72%和6.25%;减小翅脉流道的直流道长度或圆弧流道圆心角,可提升翅脉流道输出性能。
Abstract
In order to research the influence of flow channel structures on the reaction gas mass transfer and output performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC）, three-dimensional geometric models of wing vein flow channel, serpentine flow channel and leaf vein flow channel are established. Then, the reaction gas concentration distribution, pressure distribution and current density distribution of three flow channels are compared. Furthermore, the structural parameters of the wing vein flow channel are optimized. The main conclusions are as follows： Firstly, compared with serpentine flow channel and leaf vein flow channel, wing vein flow channel can significantly improve the uniformity of reaction gas concentration distribution in channel and diffusion layer, which can enhance the mass transfer of reaction gas in catalytic layer. Secondly, the wing vein flow channel can reduce the gas pressure gradient distribution and promote the diffuse of reaction gas. Thirdly, the average membrane current density of the wing vein flow channel is highest, which is conducive to the stable progress of the electrochemical reaction. Fourthly, the wing vein flow channel can improve the output performance of PEMFC. In addition, the peak power density of wing vein flow channel is 7.72% and 6.25% higher than that of the serpentine flow channel and the leaf vein flow channel respectively. Finally, the output performance of the wing vein flow channel can be improved by reducing the length of the straight flow channel or the center angle of the circular flow channel.
关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池 /
数值模拟 /
气体流道 /
翅脉流道
Key words
proton exchange membrane fuel cell /
numerical simulation /
flow channel /
wing vein flow channel
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51902081）; 河北省自然科学基金（E2021201032）; 保定市科技计划（2074P019）; 河北大学校长基金（XZJJ202003）
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