结合中国西北地区风沙活动频繁的特点,以1.5 MW叶片的缩比模型作为试验用风力机叶片,设计风沙流冲蚀磨损装置,对叶片压力面沿弦向和展向分区域冲蚀。将加装冲蚀后叶片的风电机组进行车载试验,研究叶片分区域非均匀磨蚀特征对气动性能的影响。结果表明：前缘磨蚀叶片在小安装角下总体导致风电机组输出功率减小,气动性能下降,风能利用系数在31.7°安装角下降更明显;展向半冲蚀叶片小安装角时使风力机输出功率和风能利用系数均下降,而安装角增大后出现气动性能提高的积极效应;展向全冲蚀叶片小安装角时体现出积极效应,安装角增大后引起气动性能劣化。
Abstract
According to the characteristics of the northwest China sandstorm activities, the scaling model blades of 1.5 MW wind turbine were tested, the device that used to erode by wind-sand flow was designed, and the pressure side of blades were eroded along chordwise and spanwise areas respectively. The vehicle test was used to test the eroded wind turbine blades, and the influence of non-uniform erosion features on aerodynamic characteristics was studied in different regions of blades. Results show that output power of wind turbine and aerodynamic performance decrease under small installation angle on the leading edge erosion blades, and the wind-power utilization coefficient（CP） decreases more obviously when the installation angle is 31.7°. Output power and CP all decrease under small installation angle on the half erosion blades of spanwise areas, while the installation angle increases, the aerodynamic performance improves. The positive effect is found under small installation angle on total erosion blades of spanwise areas, while the installation angle increases, aerodynamic performance deteriorates.
关键词
风力机 /
叶片 /
磨蚀 /
气动性能 /
表面粗糙度
Key words
wind turbines /
blades /
erosion /
aerodynamic characteristic /
surface roughness
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51766017）; 内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目（2019MS05035）
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