为探究风电机组齿轮箱高速轴圆柱滚子轴承在服役过程中的疲劳寿命和可靠度变化规律,以新疆达坂城风场年度风载荷为外部激励,建立基于威布尔分布的随机风速模型及考虑内部齿轮时变啮合刚度、轴承时变刚度等激励因素的风电齿轮传动系统齿轮-轴承耦合动力学模型,通过Newmark积分法求解高速轴轴承动载荷。运用雨流计数法及Goodman平均应力修正法得到对称循环应力,结合线性损伤理论和非线性损伤理论的对比,获得轴承的接触疲劳寿命和动态可靠度。结果表明：额定功率下,在外部随机风载激励和内部齿轮-轴承耦合共同作用下,内激励仍然对系统高速轴轴承动载荷起主要作用。与线性损伤累计理论相比,非线性损伤累计理论考虑载荷加载的顺序效应,能更好地描述轴承在整个疲劳寿命过程中各阶段的疲劳损伤情况。轴承在服役过程中,前15年的损伤较小,可靠度衰减缓慢,而在后期可靠度呈现出非线性迅速下降趋势,应及时调整维护策略。
Abstract
In order to explore the fatigue life and reliability of the high-speed shaft cylindrical roller bearing of the wind turbine gearbox during service, with the annual wind load of the Dabancheng wind farm in Xinjiang as the external excitation, a stochastic wind speed model based on Weibull distribution, and a gear-bearing coupling dynamics model of the wind power gear transmission system considering incentive factors such as the time-varying mesh stiffness of the internal gear and the time-varying stiffness of the bearing, were established. And dynamic load of the high-speed shaft bearings was solving by Newmark integral method. The symmetrical cyclic stress was obtained by using the rain-flow counting method and the Goodman mean stress correction method. The contact fatigue life and dynamic reliability of the bearing were obtained by comparing the linear damage theory and the nonlinear damage theory. The results show that at a rated power, under the combined action of external random wind load excitation and internal gear-bearing coupling, the internal excitation still plays a major role in the dynamic load of the high-speed shaft bearing system. Compared with the linear damage accumulation theory, the nonlinear theory considers the sequential effect of load loading, thus could be better to describe the fatigue damage of the bearing at each stage throughout the fatigue life. During the service process of the bearing, the damage in the first 15 years is relatively small, and the reliability decays slowly, but the reliability shows a nonlinear rapid decline trend in the later period, thus the maintenance strategy should be adjusted in time.
关键词
风电机组 /
疲劳损伤 /
齿轮箱 /
可靠度 /
疲劳寿命 /
随机载荷
Key words
wind turbines /
fatigue damage /
gearbox /
reliability /
fatigue life /
random load
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基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金（2021D01C050）; 新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划（2021B01003-1）
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