为解决日光温室存在的问题,以苏北地区为例,根据苏北地区气候特点,筛选硬脂酸正丁酯（PCM1）、石蜡（PCM2）、石蜡与硬脂酸正丁酯按质量比5∶5配合的复合相变材料（PCM3）、90% Na2SO4·10H2O+2%硼砂+8%膨胀石墨（PCM4）共4组材料,通过差示扫描量热试验、热物理参数测定试验、蓄放热性能试验以及经济性分析,并采用熵权法进行多指标评价,结果PCM3以0.320的相对优属度位列第一。将所筛选出的PCM3应用于无后墙日光温室中,并以普通无后墙日光温室作为对照。试验结果表明,PCM3对温室内空气温度、土壤温度均有所优化,可有效缩小日光温室的昼夜温差,提高日光温室夜间温度,优化温室内热工性能。
Abstract
In order to solve the problems existing in the solar greenhouse, the study took the northern Jiangsu region as an example, and screened four groups of materials such as n-butyl stearate （PCM1）, paraffin wax （PCM2）, paraffin wax and n-butyl stearate according to the mass ratio of 5∶5（PCM3）, 90% Na2SO4·10H2O+2% borax+8% expanded graphite （PCM4）, and passed the differential scanning calorimetry test, thermophysical parameter determination test, thermal storage performance test and economic analysis, and used entropy weight method to evaluate multiple indexes, the results indicated that PCM3 ranked first with a relative preferential degree of 0.320. Then PCM3 was applied to the solar greenhouse without back wall, and the ordinary greenhouse without back wall was used as a control, and the experimental results showed that PCM3 can optimize the air temperature and soil temperature in the greenhouse, which can effectively reduce the temperature difference between day and night of the solar greenhouse, improve the temperature of the solar greenhouse at night, and optimize the thermal performance of the greenhouse.
关键词
太阳能 /
相变材料 /
筛选 /
温度调控 /
温室 /
熵权法
Key words
solar energy /
phase change materials /
screening /
temperature control /
greenhouse /
weighted entropy method
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 刘霓红, 蒋先平, 程俊峰, 等. 国外有机设施园艺现状及对中国设施农业可持续发展的启示[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(15): 1-9.
LIU N H, JIANG X P, CHENG J F, et al.Current situation of foreign organic greenhouse horticulture and its inspiration for sustainable development of Chinese protected agriculture[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(15): 1-9.
[2] 鲍恩财, 曹晏飞, 邹志荣, 等. 节能日光温室蓄热技术研究进展[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(6): 1-14.
BAO E C, CAO Y F, ZOU Z R, et al.Research progress of thermal storage technology in energy-saving solar greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(6): 1-14.
[3] 鲍恩财, 申婷婷, 张勇, 等. 装配式主动蓄热墙体日光温室热性能分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(10): 178-186.
BAO E C, SHEN T T, ZHANG Y, et al.Thermal performance analysis of assembled active heat storage wall in Chinese solar greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(10): 178-186.
[4] 王洪义, 祖歌, 杨凤军, 等. 高纬度地区多功能日光温室设计[J]. 农业工程学报, 2020, 36(6): 170-178.
WANG H Y, ZU G, YANG F J, et al.Design of multi-functional solar greenhouses in high latitude areas[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2020, 36(6): 170-178.
[5] 齐飞, 魏晓明, 金新文. 南疆生产建设兵团日光温室建造中的主要技术问题调查分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(23): 199-206.
QI F, WEI X M, JIN X W.Investigation and analysis of main technical problems during construction of solar greenhouse in south Xinjiang by Xinjiang production and construction corps[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(23): 199-206.
[6] 铁生年, 蒋自鹏. 相变储能材料在温室大棚中应用研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2015, 34(7): 1933-1940.
TIE S N, JIANG Z P.Progress of phase change heat storage material and it’s application in greenhouses[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2015, 34(7): 1933-1940.
[7] 丁兴江, 章学来, 徐笑锋, 等. 相变储能技术在现代温室工程加热系统中的应用[J]. 能源研究与利用, 2018(6): 34-38.
DING X J, ZHANG X L, XU X F, et al.Application of phase change energy storage technology in heating system of modern greenhouse engineering[J]. Energy research & utilization, 2018(6): 34-38.
[8] 王宏丽, 王朋, 邹志荣. 硬脂酸正丁酯/聚苯乙烯定形相变材料实验[J]. 太阳能学报, 2010, 31(11): 1471-1474.
WANG H L, WANG P, ZOU Z R.Experimental investigation of butyl stearate/polystyrene composite as form-stable PCM[J]. Acta energias solaris sinica, 2010, 31(11): 1471-1474.
[9] 冷从斌. 膨胀石墨/水合盐复合定型相变材料制备与性能分析[D]. 昆明: 云南师范大学, 2015.
LENG C B.Preparation and performance analysis of expanded graphite/hydrated salt composite shape phase change material[D]. Kunming: Yunnan Normal University, 2015.
[10] 王蕊, 姚轩, 李珠. 玻化微珠相变保温蓄热材料在日光温室中的应用及其能耗分析[J]. 工程力学, 2012, 29(S2): 216-220.
WANG R, YAO X, LI Z.Application and energy consumption analysis of thermao insulation and heat storage phase change material with glazed hollow beads in greenhouse[J]. Engineering mechanics, 2012, 29(S2): 216-220.
[11] 周莹, 王双喜. 复合相变储能保温砂浆在日光温室中的应用效果[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(20): 190-196.
ZHOU Y, WANG S X.Application effect of composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar in solar greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(20): 190-196.
[12] 陈红武, 李晓野, 王宏丽. 日光温室用复合相变储热材料的实验研究[J]. 农机化研究, 2009, 31(7): 192-194, 197.
CHEN H W, LI X Y, WANG H L.Experimental studies on compound phase change materials in heligreenhouses[J]. Journal of agricultural mechanization research, 2009, 31(7): 192-194, 197.
[13] 王朋, 王宏丽, 李凯. 硬脂酸正丁酯和石蜡复合相变储热材料的热性能测试[J]. 北方园艺, 2009(11): 132-135.
WANG P, WANG H L, LI K.Experimental studies on compound phase change material composed of butyl stearate and paraffin used as heat storage in greenhouses[J]. Northern horticulture, 2009(11): 132-135.
[14] 王军伟, 洪忠举, 郭世荣, 等. 冬夏兼用型日光温室内热湿性能分析与应用效果[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(23): 190-198.
WANG J W, HONG Z J, GUO S R, et al.Temperature humidity performance and application of solar greenhouse suiting for winter and summer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(23): 190-198.
[15] 鲍恩财. 装配式日光温室主动蓄热循环系统传热特性研究[D]. 咸阳: 西北农林科技大学, 2018.
BAO E C.Characteristics of heat transferring in assembled solar greenhouse with active heat storage cycle system[D]. Xianyang: Northwest A&F University, 2018.
[16] 孟力力, 鲍恩财, 夏礼如, 等. 不同新型日光温室结构在江苏省苏北地区的性能测试分析[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2020, 48(19): 238-244.
MENG L L, BAO E C, XIA L R, et al.Performance test of Chinese solar greenhouse with different new structures in northern Jiangsu province[J]. Jiangsu agricultural sciences, 2020, 48(19): 238-244.
[17] 张欣. 日光温室相变材料墙板蓄/放热过程数值模拟研究[D]. 咸阳: 西北农林科技大学, 2016.
ZHANG X.CFD based simulation of heat charging/discharging process of phase change wallboard in Chinese solar greenhouse[D]. Xianyang: Northwest A&F University, 2016.
[18] HEIM D, CLARKE J A.Numerical modelling and thermal simulation of PCM-gypsum composites with ESP-r[J]. Energy and buildings, 2004, 36(8): 795-805.
[19] 李秋萍, 赵云峰, 李晶淼, 等. 采用DSC法测定原油的比热容[J]. 石油化工, 2012, 41(8): 954-957.
LI Q P, ZHAO Y F, LI J M, et al.Determination of specific heat capacity of crude oil by DSC method[J]. Petrochemical technology, 2012, 41(8): 954-957.
[20] 徐朝芬, 傅培舫, 陈刚, 等. 差示扫描量热法测定煤比热容的实验研究[J]. 实验技术与管理, 2010, 27(2): 24-26.
XU C F, FU P F, CHEN G, et al.Experimental study on DSC measurement of the specific heat capacity of coal[J]. Experimental technology and management, 2010, 27(2): 24-26.
[21] 章穗, 张梅, 迟国泰. 基于熵权法的科学技术评价模型及其实证研究[J]. 管理学报, 2010, 7(1): 34-42.
ZHANG S, ZHANG M, CHI G T.The science and technology evaluation model based on entropy weight and empirical research during the 10th five-year of China[J]. Chinese journal of management, 2010, 7(1): 34-42.
[22] 张振兴, 马张雪, 蔡冰冰, 等. 农大Ⅲ型日光温室深冬温度性能比较[J]. 黑龙江农业科学, 2021(9): 111-115.
ZHANG Z X, MA Z X, CAI B B, et al.Comparison of winter temperature performance of Nongda Ⅲ type solar greenhouse[J]. Heilongjiang agricultural science, 2021(9): 111-115.
[23] 管勇, 陈超, 李琢, 等. 相变蓄热墙体对日光温室热环境的改善[J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(10): 194-201.
GUAN Y, CHEN C, LI Z, et al.Improving thermal environment in solar greenhouse with phase-change thermal storage wall[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(10): 194-201.
基金
国家自然科学基金（31901420); 江苏省政策引导类计划（苏北科技专项）（SZ-SQ2021009); 安徽省自然科学基金（2108085QE220）; 安徽省教育厅科研项目（KJ2020A0103）
PDF(1970 KB)
