通过模拟同步发电机的机械运动方程,建立电压控制型虚拟同步发电机,设计原动机调节和励磁调节控制策略,并模拟同步发电机的转动惯量,提高新能源机组对电网稳定运行主动支撑能力。提出有功-负荷系数、有功调频系数、无功调压系数、一次调频稳定时间和无功调压稳定时间5个控制特性评估指标,构建基于Matlab/Simulink的电压控制型虚拟同步发电机控制特性电磁暂态仿真验证模型,重点分析小扰动下不同关键控制参数对电压控制型虚拟同步发电机有功调频和无功调压性能的影响,定量分析关键指标变化趋势和规律,给出有功控制环虚拟惯量、阻尼系数以及无功控制环积分系数和下垂系数工程化应用优化参数区间。最后,通过建立多台电压控制型虚拟同步发电机并联并网模型,研究电压控制型虚拟同步发电机间交互振荡机制,分析得出接入大电网振荡临界参数、振荡频率及多机并联振荡模式。
Abstract
Through simulating the mechanical motion equation of synchronous generator, this paper proposed voltage-controlled virtual synchronous generator, designed the prime mover regulation and excitation regulation control strategy, and simulated the rotational inertial of synchronous generator, so as to improve the active support ability of renewable energy for power grid operation stability. This paper proposed five control characteristics evaluation indicators including active power-load coefficient, active power frequency regulation coefficient, reactive power voltage regulation coefficient, primary frequency regulation stable time, and reactive power voltage regulation stable time. In addition, based on Matlab/Simulink’s electromagnetic transient simulation and verification model of voltage-controlled virtual synchronous generator, the influence of different key control parameters on the performance of voltage-controlled virtual synchronous generator active frequency regulation and reactive power regulation under small disturbances, quantitative analysis the trends and laws of key indicators were analyzed. The virtual inertial, damping parameters, reactive power integral parameter and droop parameter optimization parameter range were given for engineering application. Finally, the interactive resonance mechanism of voltage-controlled virtual synchronous generators was studied by establishing the parallel grid-connected system model of multiple voltage-controlled virtual synchronous generators. The critical parameters, oscillation frequency and multi-generators parallel oscillation mode of multiple voltage-controlled virtual synchronous generators grid-connected system were obtained.
关键词
新能源 /
电压控制 /
稳定性 /
振荡 /
虚拟同步发电机 /
特性评估
Key words
new energy /
voltage control /
stability /
resonance /
virt synchronous generator /
characteristics evaluation
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基金
国家电网公司科技项目《电压源型风电机组关键技术及示范》（4000202114068A0000）
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