以大血藤药渣为原料,通过水热和活化处理制得分级多孔结构的活性炭,并研究其作为锌离子混合超级电容器正极材料的电化学特性。活化温度为800 ℃时制得的活性炭比表面积为2516 m2/g,总孔容为1.335 cm3/g;以所制得的大血藤基活性炭为正极材料组装的锌离子混合超级电容器在0.1 A/g电流密度条件下的比容量高达177.1 mAh/g,显著优于传统超级电容器;在10 A/g电流密度下比容量仍可保持在74.6 mAh/g以上;在1.5 A/g电流密度下经过4000圈充放电循环,容量保持率可达85%,展现出良好的倍率性能和充放电循环稳定性。大血藤基活性炭丰富的微孔、介孔、大孔网络以及与电解液离子半径匹配的微孔尺寸是保证其实现高效离子存储的关键。
Abstract
In this work, activated carbon with a hierarchical porous structure was prepared by hydrothermal and activation treatment with the medicinal residue of Sargentodoxa cunea as raw material, and its electrochemical properties as cathode material for zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor were studied. Studies have shown that the activated carbon prepared at an activation temperature of 800 ℃ has a specific surface area of 2516 m2/g and a total pore volume of 1.335 cm3/g. The specific capacity of the hybrid supercapacitor is as high as 177.1 mAh/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g, which is much better than that of the traditional supercapacitor; at a current density of 10 A/g, the specific capacity can still be maintained above 74.6 mAh/g, after 4000 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 1.5 A/g, the capacity retention can reach 85%, showing good rate capability and charge-discharge cycling stability. The abundant network of micropores, mesopores and macropores, as well as ion size matching between micropores of activated carbon and electrolyte ions, are the keys to ensure high-efficiency ion storage.
关键词
活性炭 /
电极材料 /
中药渣 /
水热 /
超级电容器
Key words
activated carbon /
electrode materials /
Chinese medicine residue /
hydrothermal /
supercapacitor
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2019YFC1906603）
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