该文基于2016年7月—2021年7月中国帕米尔高原陆-气相互作用观测站的观测资料,挑选总辐射、散射辐射、直接辐射等指标,研究该地区太阳总辐射和散射辐射收支的变化规律及其影响因素。结果表明:中国帕米尔高原太阳总辐射、散射辐射、水平直接辐射年曝辐量分别为6474.41、2219.95、3497.35 MJ/m2。其中,总辐射、散射辐射、水平直接辐射年的最高辐照度为1171.18、676.23、1003.52 W/m2,分别在2017年7月23日、5月31日和4月3日出现。总辐射、散射辐射、水平直接辐射平均辐照度的峰值分别为690.85、218.66、417.02 W/m2,均在12:00前后出现。中国帕米尔高原地表反照率均值在0.24~0.49之间,年均值为0.30。降水和沙尘天气对地表辐射收支产生影响,其中降水天气使总辐射平均辐照度日峰值比晴天时减小约18%,散射辐射平均辐照度日峰值增加约1.8倍,扬沙或浮尘天气发生时总辐射辐照度日峰值与晴天相比变化不大,散射辐射平均辐照度日峰值增加约1.8倍。此外,当喀什市周边发生沙尘暴时,中国帕米尔高原散射辐射辐照度与日曝辐量明显增加。
Abstract
Based on the observation data from the China Pamir Plateau Land-Atmosphere Interaction Observation Station from July 2016 to July 2021, this study selected indicators such as total radiation, scattering radiation, and direct radiation to investigate the variations and influencing factors of solar total radiation and scattering radiation balance in the region. The results show that the annual exposure of solar total radiation, scattering radiation, and horizontal direct radiation in the China Pamir Plateau is 6474.41, 2219.95, and 3497.35 MJ/m2, respectively. Among them, the highest irradiance for total radiation, scattering radiation, and horizontal direct radiation in a year is 1171.18, 676.23, and 1003.52 W/m2, respectively, occurring on July 23, 2017, May 31, 2017, and April 3, 2017. The peak values of the average irradiance for total radiation, scattering radiation, and horizontal direct radiation are 690.85, 218.66, and 417.02 W/m2, respectively, appearing around 12:00. The mean surface albedo of the China Pamir Plateau is between 0.24 and 0.49, with an annual average of 0.30. Precipitation and dust weather have an impact on the surface radiation balance. Among them, precipitation reduces the daily peak average irradiance of total radiation by about 18% compared to sunny days, increases the daily peak average irradiance of scattering radiation by about 1.8 times. When sand or dust weather occurs, the daily peak irradiance of total radiation does not change much compared to sunny days, but the daily peak average irradiance of scattering radiation increases by about 1.8 times. In addition, when sandstorms occur around Kashi City, the scattering radiation irradiance and daily exposure radiation in the China Pamir Plateau significantly increase.
关键词
太阳辐射 /
辐射通量密度 /
太阳能 /
中国帕米尔高原 /
散射辐射
Key words
solar radiation /
radiation flux density /
solar energy /
China Pamir Plateau /
scattered radiation
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基金
中央级公益科研院所基本科研业务费项目(IDM2021001); 国家自然科学基金(41875023); 青藏高原第二次科考项目(2019QZKK010206)