通过在风洞中构建符合强沙尘暴特征的风沙流场,开展不同叶尖速比下风力机尾流对沙尘输运特性影响的实验研究。结果表明：风轮旋转对沙尘输运具有明显阻挡作用,叶尖涡和中心涡造成沙尘的局部聚集现象,且上叶尖涡发生区域的聚集效应更加显著。尾流不同位置处的横向剖面沙尘聚集呈圆弧带分布,风力机后5D时沙尘在横向截面分布趋于均匀。另外,叶尖速比越大,上叶尖涡聚集效应越强,且与中心涡沙尘聚集分界越明显;低叶尖速比时,下叶尖涡对沙尘的聚集效应不明显,高叶尖速比时,下叶尖涡对沙尘的聚集效应更加明显;叶尖速比越大,风力机的阻沙效果越好。
Abstract
By constructing a wind-driven sand flow field in a wind tunnel, the influence of wind turbine wake on dust transport characteristics under different tip velocity ratios was studied experimentally. The results show that wind wheel rotation has obvious blocking effect on dust transport. The tip vortex and the center vortex make local dust aggregation, and the upper tip vortex is more significant. The sediment transport rate appears arc-shaped distribution in the transverse section at different positions of wake, and the distribution of dust in the cross section tends to be uniform when the far wake reaches 5D. In addition, the higher the tip speed ratio, the greater the aggregation effect of the upper tip vortex, and the more obvious the boundary of dust accumulation region between the upper tip vortex and the central vortex is. When the blade tip velocity ratio is low, the dust accumulation effect of the lower tip vortex is not obvious. The lower tip vortex also shows aggregation effect at high tip speed ratio. The higher blade tip ratio is, the better sand blocking effect of wind turbine is.
关键词
风力机 /
沙尘 /
风洞 /
沙尘输运 /
聚集现象
Key words
wind turbines /
sand dust /
wind tunnel /
dust transport /
cluster formation
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52166014; 51766009）; 甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目（21JR7RA277）; 兰州理工大学红柳杰出青年人才资助计划
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