基于地理信息系统,研究并提出一种基于ArcGIS与多因子模型的风力发电场选址评估方法,以实现对不同地区风能资源空间分布情况、开发适宜性和理论发电量的有效评估,进而为风电场的选址提供理论依据。首先,基于不同地区的风资源气象数据,通过引入地形、道路等地理限制因素,提出一种多因子模型,以实现对不同地区风能资源开发适宜性评估。然后,基于10 m高度处的风速分布,通过风速外推得到80 m高度处的风速分布,进而用于评估80 m高度处的风能理论发电量。最后,综合上述开发适宜性和理论发电量评估结果,可较为准确地给出计及风速、风功率密度、地形、道路等多因子模型的风电场选址建议。结果发现：风电场选址主要集中在西北部、东北部以及内蒙古等地。
Abstract
In order to achieve the effective evaluation for spatial distribution, development suitability and theoretical power generation of wind energy resources in different areas, this study proposes a wind farm site selection assessment method based on the ArcGIS software and multi-factor model. The proposed method can provide theoretical basis for the site selection assessment of wind farms. Firstly, based on the meteorological data of wind resources in different regions, a multi-factor model is proposed to evaluate the suitability of wind energy resources development in different regions by introducing geographical constraints such as terrain, roads and so on. Secondly, based on the wind velocity distribution at 10 m altitude, the wind velocity distribution at 80 m altitude is extrapolated to estimate the theoretical wind power generation at 80 m altitude. Finally, based on the evaluation results of the development suitability and theoretical generation capacity, the wind farm site selection suggestions can be accurately obtained by considering the wind speed, wind power density, terrain, road and other multi-factor models. The results show that the suggested wind farms are mainly located in the northwest, northeast and Inner Mongolia of China.
关键词
风电场 /
风力发电机 /
地理信息系统 /
选址 /
ArcGIS /
多因子模型 /
层次分析法
Key words
wind farm /
wind turbines /
geographic information systems /
ArcGIS /
multi-factor model /
site selection /
analytic hierarchy process
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2021YFB2601601）
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