全球的光伏技术及其市场在清洁能源运用的不断增进下呈现快速发展趋势。为评估光伏组件在生产和制造环节对环境的影响,利用GaBi软件以及生命周期评估（LCA）的方法进行研究和评估,主要评估对象包含晶体硅光伏组件,这些组件采用不同电池,包括发射极背钝化（PERC）太阳电池、隧穿氧化层钝化接触（TOPCon）太阳电池和异质结（HJT）太阳电池,以及新型钙钛矿太阳电池（PSCs）。计算发现现有4种光伏组件的典型碳足迹分别为469.25、474.24、427.98和500.55 kg CO2/kW。对于晶体硅太阳电池,硅片生产所引起的碳足迹份额最大,占比达到50%以上。对于钙钛矿太阳电池,其光伏组件由于现阶段产业化效率较低,碳足迹较大。
Abstract
Photovoltaic technologies have shown a rapid been develop ment trend due to promote global clean energy applications. To evaluate the environment impact of solar cell during procluction and manufacturing process, crystalline silicon solar cell industry technology including passivated emitter and rear cell（PERC）, tunnel oxide passivated contact （TOPCon）solar cell and heterojunction （HJT）solar cell, and also the emerging perovskite solar cell（PSCs） , were estimated with the GaBi software and the life cycle assessment（LCA） approach. As the calculation results,typical carbon footprints of the four types of photovoltaic modules are 469.25, 474.24, 427.98 and 500.55 kg CO2/kW respectively. For crystalline silicon photovoltaic module, the carbon footprint caused by silicon wafer production is more than 50%. Currently PSCs module has a largecarbon footprint due to its low inclustriul:zation efficiency.
关键词
碳足迹 /
光伏组件 /
晶体硅 /
钙钛矿 /
生命周期
Key words
carbon footprint /
photovoltaic modules /
crystalline silicon /
perovskite /
life cycle
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