对某风电场2.0 MW风电机组120 m高单管式风力发电钢塔和钢-混凝土组合式风力发电塔的振动进行长期监测,分别采用峰值拾取法（PP）和随机子空间法（SSI）对塔架的模态参数进行识别和分析,并与数值分析结果进行对比。结果表明：两座塔架的振动主要以前三阶模态为主,高阶模态的影响不可忽略。相较于钢-混凝土组合塔架,纯钢塔架受塔顶叶轮转动的影响更大,更易发生共振。模态阻尼中气动阻尼占比较大,其与环境风速和桨距角关系密切,与风速呈非线性关系,并且在桨叶变桨时变化明显。对比实测识别和数值分析结果发现,两座塔架的模态频率以及混塔的振型数值分析结果与实测结果比较吻合,钢塔的振型数值分析结果与实测结果存在差异,在运维养护时应重点关注。
Abstract
The long-term vibration monitoring has been carried out in one 120 m single-tube steel tower and one 120 m steel-concrete hybrid tower of 2.0 MW wind turbines in the same wind farm. The modal parameters of both towers are identified and analyzed by peak picking method （PP） and random subspace method （SSI） respectively and then compared with the numerical analysis results. It turns out that the first three vibration modes play a dominant role in the vibration of the two towers, and the influence of the high-order vibration modes cannot be ignored. Compared with the steel-concrete hybrid tower, the full steel tower is more easily affected by the rotation of the rotor at the top of the tower, and so that the resonance is more likely to occur. The aerodynamic damping in the modal damping is relatively large and greatly affected by the ambient wind speed and the pitch angle, which has nonlinear relationship with the wind speed and significantly changes as the pitch angle changes. Comparing the measured results with the numerical analysis results, it can be found that the measured modal frequencies of both towers and the measured mode shapes of the hybrid tower are all well consistent with the numerical analysis results, while the measured mode shapes of the full steel tower are different from the corresponding numerical results, in which the more attention should be paid in operation and maintenance.
关键词
风力发电塔 /
模态识别 /
振动特性 /
气动阻尼 /
有限元分析
Key words
wind turbine tower /
modal identification /
dynamic characteristics /
aerodynamic damping /
finite element analysis
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