结合生命周期评价方法与层次分析方法对杨木、玉米秸秆、甘蔗渣3种典型纤维素生物质的发酵制取燃料乙醇工艺进行环境影响评价。针对酸化、富营养化、全球变暖、化石能源消耗、光化学污染、人体毒性6种环境类型进行分析对比,并选取3个不同视角分析生物质发酵工艺所带来的环境影响。结果表明：农业阶段和生产阶段所产生的温室效应在全生命周期过程中占比最高;全球性视角下,全球变暖影响占比较高;区域性和局地性视角下,工艺的酸化影响最严重。
Abstract
Combined with the life cycle assessment method and analytic hierarchy process method, the environmental impact assessment was carried out on the fermentation process of three typical cellulosic biomass, namely poplar wood, corn straw and bagasse, to produce fuel ethanol. Six environmental types, namely acidification, eutrophication, global warming, fossil energy consumption, photochemical pollution and human toxicity, were analyzed and compared. Three different perspectives were selected to analyze the environmental impact of biomass fermentation process. The results show that the greenhouse effect of agricultural stage and production stage is the highest in the whole life cycle process. In the global perspective, the impact of global warming is relatively high, and in the regional and local perspective, the acidification of the process is the most serious.
关键词
生物质 /
发酵 /
燃料乙醇 /
生命周期 /
层次分析法
Key words
biomass /
fermentation /
fuel ethanol /
life cycle /
analytic hierarchy process
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2018YFB1501405）
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