利用国际标准高精度太阳光谱仪在2020—2021年期间对珠峰周边地面进行为期一年的太阳光谱观测研究。结果显示珠峰地面瞬时太阳光谱及其积分值（总辐射）频频超过大气层顶部光谱和太阳常数,夏至珠峰当地正午太阳光谱峰值达2.211 W/（m2·nm）。珠峰地面观测光谱积分值比海平面高出约15%。观测期间最高日平均光谱峰值达1.121 W/（m2·nm）。珠峰地面月均太阳光谱相对均匀,变化幅度小。最高月均太阳光谱出现在3月份,主要原因是下雪引起地表高反射。全年观测发现珠峰地面太阳总辐照度中紫外线B占0.26%,紫外线A占5.33%,可见光占49.58%,红外线占44.83%。为对比高海拔和低海拔太阳光谱特征,在2021年夏季同步观测珠峰和北京太阳光谱。利用全球气溶胶监测网络相关数据,研究大气气溶胶和水汽总量对珠峰和北京太阳光谱的影响。
Abstract
An international standard high-precision solar spectrometer was used to conduct an in-situ observation on solar spectra for one year during 2020 to 2021 in the Mt. Everest region. The results show that the surface instantaneous solar spectra and its integral values （global irradiance） frequently exceed the spectrum and solar constant for the top of the atmosphere, and the peak value of the local solar spectrum at noon in the summer solstice reached 2.211 W/(m2·nm). The integral value of the surface observation spectrum of the Mt. Everest is about 15% higher than that of the sea level. The peak value of the daily mean spectrum reached 1.121 W/(m2·nm) during the observation period. The monthly mean solar spectrum on the ground of the Mt. Everest was relatively concentrated, with narrow fluctuations. The highest monthly mean solar spectrum appeared in March, mainly due to the high surface reflection caused by snow. Based on the annual observation, it was found that among the global irradiance, the solar UVB accounted for 0.26%, UVA accounted for 5.33%, solar VIS accounted for 49.58% and infrared ray accountes for 44.83% in the Mt. Everest region. In order to compare the solar spectral characteristics in high altitude and low altitude regions, simultaneous observations on solar spectra of the Mt. Everest region and Beijing were carried out in the summer of 2021. The effects of atmospheric aerosols and water vapor on the solar spectra of the Mt. Everest and Beijing were studied by using the relevant data from the global Aerosol Robotic Network （AERONET）.
关键词
珠峰 /
太阳光谱 /
太阳能 /
生态环境
Key words
Mt. everest /
solar spectrum /
solar energy /
ecological environment
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基金
国家自然科学基金（41867041）; 西藏大学“太阳能创新团队与实验平台建设项目”
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