为评估中国典型复杂山地风资源,实现风资源的高效利用,结合雷诺时均的k-ε两方程模型、大气粗糙度壁面函数和热浮力作用,提出能模拟不稳定、中性和稳定状态复杂地形风场特性的大气CFD模式,并针对湍流参数、大气粗糙度对风速廓线的影响进行参数化研究。采用两种方式驱动CFD模式：一种是通过来流上游的实测风速廓线驱动CFD模式,一种是通过WRF模式输出风速廓线和温度廓线驱动CFD模式。利用山西神池南桦山丘陵山地测风数据进行大气CFD模式验证,通过WRF-CFD耦合仿真研究山地公里级范围热浮力作用对风场的影响,详细对比不同热浮力作用下的大气CFD模式仿真精度。结果表明大气CFD模式能准确地模拟不同稳定度状态下的山区大气风环境,但对于不稳定状态下山后风场的模拟能力稍差。
Abstract
In order to evaluate and use efficiently the wind resources of the typical complex terrain, combined with the Reynolds average k-ε equation model, the y0 type wall function and the thermal buoyancy, an atmospheric CFD model is proposed, which can simulate wind field characteristics with the unstable, neutral and stable atmospheric stability. The effect of the turbulence parameters and atmospheric roughness on the wind velocity profile is studied as well. Two ways are applied to drive the CFD model： one way is to drive the CFD model by using the tested wind speed profile upstream of the inflow stream, and another way is to drive the CFD model by using the output wind speed profile and temperature profile of the WRF （Weather Research and Forecasting Mode） model. The CFD model is verified by using the wind test data of the South Huashan hills in Shanxi Shenchi. The effect of thermal buoyancy on the wind field is studied by the WRF-CFD coupling simulation, and the simulation accuracy of the atmospheric CFD model under different thermal buoyancy is compared in detail. The results show that the atmospheric CFD model can accurately simulate the atmospheric wind environment in the mountain area under different stability conditions, but the simulation wind profile on the leeward side of the hills is a little poor when considering the unstable state.
关键词
风能 /
风电场 /
大气边界层 /
复杂地形 /
大气CFD模式 /
风廓线 /
大气稳定度
Key words
wind power /
wind farm /
atmospheric boundary layer /
complex terrain /
atmospheric CFD model /
wind profile /
atmosphere stability
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2018YFB1501102）; 四川省科技计划（2023NSFSC0904）
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