提出一种耦合环境参数、汽车形状和用电需求的太阳能汽车能耗计算方法,基于典型气象数据,进行太阳能汽车年性能模拟。结果表明：与常规电动汽车相比,当光伏组件效率为24.4%（2021年单晶硅组件最高效率）时,太阳能汽车在北京地区的年充电量减少78.8%,年充电次数减少81.2%;在昆明地区的年充电量减少96.2%,年充电次数减少96.6%。当光伏组件效率达到28.0%时,太阳能汽车在昆明地区将不再需要从电网充电就可满足一年的用电需求。此外,还分析不同参数对汽车光伏系统发电量的影响和汽车光伏系统的成本,其中太阳能汽车在昆明地区的最佳停车朝向为南偏西70°。
Abstract
This paper proposes a calculation method for solar vehicle energy consumption by combining environmental parameters, vehicle shape, and actual electricity consumption. Based on typical meteorological data, the annual performance simulation of solar vehicles is conducted. The results show that compared with conventional electric vehicles, when the photoelectric efficiency of photovoltaic panels is 24.4% （the highest efficiency of single crystal silicon module in 2021）, the annual charging volume of solar vehicles in Beijing decreases by 78.8%, and the annual charging times decreases by 81.2%; the annual charging volume in Kunming is reduced by 96.2%, and the annual charging times is reduced by 96.6%. when the photoelectric efficiency reaches 28.0%, the annual electricity demand of solar vehicles is met without charging from the grid in Kunming. In addition, this paper also analyzes the impact of different parameters on the power generation of vehicle PV systems and the cost of vehicle PV systems. The best parking direction of solar vehicles in Kunming is about south by west 70°.
关键词
太阳电池 /
光伏组件 /
转换效率 /
汽车性能 /
太阳能汽车
Key words
solar cells /
photovoltaic modules /
conversion efficiency /
vehicle performance /
solar vehicles
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基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目（52130601）; 国家自然科学基金青年基金（52106276）
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