为研究齿面粗糙度对行星轮系动力学特性的影响,提出行星轮系齿轮副动态承载接触分析与系统振动位移耦合方法。以某型兆瓦级风电齿轮箱行星轮系为研究对象,基于分形理论对轮齿粗糙表面进行分形表征,通过齿轮副啮合变形协调条件,构建齿面动态承载接触状态与构件振动位移、粗糙齿面啮合误差以及摩擦力的关联关系,建立风电齿轮箱行星轮系动力学模型,分析粗糙齿面啮合误差与摩擦力对系统动态特性的影响。结果表明：随着粗糙度的增大,齿面载荷峰值与波动幅值增大,动态啮合刚度幅值出现明显波动,均载性能降低;增大粗糙度会降低行星轮系临界转速,在低转速区域内,其具有激励增振作用,而在临界转速区域附近,其具有阻尼减振作用;摩擦力主要影响行星轮系各构件振动位移,可改变动态啮合力在少齿啮合区的幅值。
Abstract
To investigate the influences of tooth roughness on the dynamic characteristics of the planetary gear train, a coupling method between the dynamic loaded-tooth contact analysis and vibration displacements of the planetary gear train is proposed. Taking the planetary gear train in the megawatt-level wind turbine gearbox as the research object, the fractal theory is used to characterize the rough tooth surface. Based on the compliance conditions of gear mesh deformations, the relationship among the dynamic loaded-tooth contact status, the component’s vibration displacements, mesh errors, and friction forces of the rough tooth is established. A dynamic model of the planetary gear train in the wind turbine gearbox is constructed, and the influences of mesh errors and friction forces of the rough tooth on the system's dynamic characteristics are analyzed. The results show that as the tooth roughness increases, the peak and fluctuation amplitude of the tooth surface load increase, and the dynamic mesh stiffness shows obvious serrations, resulting in reduced load-sharing performance. Increasing tooth roughness reduces the critical speed of the planetary gear train. In the low-speed region, tooth roughness has an excitation effect, while in the vicinity of the critical-speed region, it has a damping effect. Friction forces mainly affect the vibration displacement of each component in the planetary gear train and change the amplitude of the dynamic mesh force in the less-tooth meshing zone.
关键词
风电机组 /
齿轮传动 /
动力学 /
行星轮系 /
齿面载荷
Key words
wind turbines /
gear transmissions /
dynamics /
planetary gear train /
tooth load
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2020YFB1506600）; 国家自然科学基金（52105050）; 广东省重点研发计划（2021B0101230002）
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