具有“小惯量,弱阻尼”典型特性的新能源并网后,当系统受到扰动时交流母线的频率会出现剧烈波动现象,存在恶化电网的频率稳定运行的潜在威胁。为此,提出一种改进的虚拟同步机（VSG）参数自适应控制策略。首先,控制逆变器按VSG方式运行并使虚拟惯量和阻尼参数在运行过程中同时关联VSG输出角频率的偏差量和变化率,以达到平抑频率波动的目的;然后进一步对逆变器进行自适应优化控制,用功率偏差量代替原控制环节中的角频率导数项,避免自适应控制中的求导运算对系统造成不必要的噪声干扰,简化控制环节的同时也改善了频率的动态调节波形;最后,通过仿真算例证明了该文所提自适应控制策略的正确性,并验证了该文策略对扰动下系统有功功率及频率波动抑制的有效性。
Abstract
After the integration of new energy sources with typical characteristics of "small inertia and weak damping" into power grid, the active power of AC bus will experience severe fluctuations when the power system is disturbed, leading a potential threat to the frequency stability of power grid. Therefore, an improved parameter adaptive control strategy based on virtual synchronous generator （VSG） is proposed in this paper. Firstly, controlling the inverter to operate in VSG mode and making the virtual inertia and damping parameters associate with the deviation and rate of change of VSG output angular frequency during operation, in order to achieve the aim of smoothing frequency fluctuations. Then, in order to avoid unnecessary noise interference caused by the derivative operation in adaptive control upon the system, further adaptive optimization control is carried out on the inverter, replacing angular frequency derivative term in the original control link with power deviation, as simplify the control link, and improve the dynamic regulation waveform of grid frequency. Finally, the correctness of the proposed adaptive control strategy was proved through simulation examples, and the effectiveness of the presented strategy in suppressing active power and frequency fluctuations under disturbances was verified.
关键词
并网逆变器 /
自适应控制系统 /
虚拟同步机 /
虚拟惯性和阻尼
Key words
grid-connected inverters /
adaptive control systems /
virtual synchronous generator /
virtual inertia and damping
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51777176）; 云南电网公司科技项目计划（YNKJXM20220055）
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