为探究翼型表面污染对其气动性能的影响,基于SST k-ω模型对DU、NACA44XX系列的不同厚度翼型的气动性能进行数值模拟,确定两系列翼型的固定转捩敏感位置,分析固定转捩对两系列及不同厚度翼型气动参数、失速特性及内流特征的影响。结果表明：不同的气动外形会明显改变翼型的转捩敏感位置,但相对厚度的变化不会对其产生影响,DU和NACA44XX系列翼型吸力面和压力面上的转捩敏感位置分别位于1%c、5%c处及1%c、9%c处;NACA44XX翼型受固定转捩的影响相较于DU翼型更大,并随厚度的增大其影响更加显著;相对厚度增大导致固定转捩位置附近的高涡量区和整体涡团尺寸进一步增大,气动外形和相对厚度对固定转捩敏感度的影响主要体现在尾缘处的分离涡。
Abstract
To explore the effect of surface pollution on the aerodynamics of airfoils, the aerodynamic performance of DU airfoils and NACA44XX airfoils with different thicknesses is numerically simulated using the SST k-ω model. The sensitive positions of fixed transition for two series airfoils are examined, and the variations in aerodynamic performance, stall and internal flow features are analyzed. The results show that the sensitive position of fixed transition is closely related to airfoil shapes, but the aerodynamic performance is almost independent of the thickness of airfoils. For DU and NACA44XX airfoils, the sensitive positions of fixed transition are located at 1%c on the suction surface and 5%c and 9%c on the pressure surface, respectively. The influence of the fixed transition on aerodynamics is more prominent for airfoils with large thicknesses, and the airfoils with large thicknesses are more sensitive to variation in fixed transition position. The impact of fixed transition on the aerodynamics of NACA44XX airfoils is more notable than that of DU airfoils and is more significant with increasing airfoil thickness. The increase in relative thickness leads to a larger size of the high vortex region and the overall vortex mass near the fixed transition position. The main reason for the effect of relative thickness and shape on the sensitivity of fixed transition is mainly characterized by the separation of vortices at the trailing edge.
关键词
风力机 /
风电叶片 /
翼型 /
粗糙度 /
相对厚度 /
气动性能 /
失速
Key words
wind turbines /
wind turbine blades /
airfoil /
roughness /
relative thickness /
aerodynamic performance /
stall
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