以一次风力发电机组雷击致灾过程为研究对象,通过对该事故雷暴天气的大气环流形势和大气能量、环境温湿度、热力和动力稳定度,以及雷暴云组合反射率、云顶温度、相态微物理条件和闪电电流强度、剩磁场强度等电过程分析提炼了其致灾过程指标。结果表明,本次雷电灾害等级为重大雷电灾害事故,此次致灾雷暴过程雷达回波组合反射率、云顶温度和相态及雷电流幅值的平均强度属于中等强度,而K指数、500和850 hPa的温度差和假相当位温、总指数TT以及中层垂直风切变对此次致灾过程的指示性较好,从剩磁测试、雷电熔痕现场取证可确定其机舱罩起火原因,因此加强风电场雷电监测预警、风险评估等非工程性防雷措施具有重要意义。
Abstract
Based on one lightning disaster process of the wind turbine, this study identified the disaster-causing process indicators by analyzing the related atmospheric circulation and energy, environmental temperature and humidity, thermal and dynamic stability, as well as the combined reflectivity of thunderstorm clouds, cloud top temperature, phase microphysical conditions, lightning current intensity, residual magnetic field strength, and other electrical processes. The results show that this lightning disaster was classified as a major lightning disaster accident. The average intensity of its associated radar echo combined reflectivity, cloud top temperature and phase state, and lightning current amplitude during the thunderstorm process were all moderate. All of the K index, vertical gradients of temperature and potential temperature between 500 and 800 hPa, total index TT, and mid-level vertical wind shear were exhibited good indications of the disaster process. Finally, with the help of residual magnetic test and lightning melt investigation, the cause of the fire of the cabin cover was recognized. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen non-engineering lightning protection measures such as lightning monitoring and early warning and risk assessment in wind farms.
关键词
风电机组 /
雷击 /
灾害 /
预警 /
风险 /
卫星
Key words
wind turbines /
lightning /
disaster /
early warning /
risk /
satellite
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基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金（2020MS04005）
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