为引导从体积极参与主体运行,结合系统碳排放量、负荷中断量等评价指标,提出一种综合动态定价机制,该机制可根据碳排放量、负荷中断量等信息动态调整向下层负荷的售电价格合理引导下层负荷参与上层优化,实现上下层多利益主体互利共赢。同时,结合电氢热电系统和电热负荷需求响应特性,提出一种源-荷灵活协调响应机制,以动态定价机制为纽带,实现上层电-氢热电系统和下层电热负荷需求响应特性深度融合,提升能源侧能源利用效率,共同实现上下层协同经济运行。此外,基于电、热负荷不满意度系数,构建负荷用能不满意度模型,并将其计入系统运行成本。其次,为应对风光发电和负荷的不确定性问题,引入考虑不确定性参数的鲁棒优化方法处理源-荷不确定性,实现虚拟电厂在经济性和鲁棒性之间灵活协调。同时,深入分析不确定性参数对虚拟电厂运行的影响。最后,采用CPLEX- C&CG对双层模型迭代求解,并根据联合最优判别机制选取系统联合最优解,算例结果验证了模型及方法的有效性。
Abstract
In order to guide the followers to actively participate in the main body operation, a comprehensive dynamic pricing mechanism is proposed in combination with the evaluation indices such as system carbon emissions and load interruption. This mechanism can dynamically adjust the electricity selling price to the lower load according to the information such as carbon emissions and load interruption, and reasonably guide the lower load to participate in the upper optimization, so as to achieve win-win results for multiple stakeholders at the upper and lower levels. At the same time, combined with the demand response characteristics of the electro-hydro-thermal system and the electro-thermal load, a source-load coordinated response mechanism is proposed. The dynamic pricing mechanism is used as a link to realize the deep integration of the demand response characteristics of the upper-level electric-hydrogen thermoelectric system and the lower-level electric-heat load, improve the energy utilization efficiency of the energy side, and jointly realize the coordinated economic operation of the upper and lower layers. In addition, based on the electrical and thermal load dissatisfaction coefficient, the load energy dissatisfaction model is constructed and included in the system operation cost. Secondly, in order to deal with the uncertainty analysis of wind-solar power generation and load, a robust optimization method considering uncertain parameters is introduced to deal with the source-load uncertainty, so as to realize the flexible coordination between economy and robustness of the virtual power plant. At the same time, the influence of uncertain parameters on the operation of the virtual power plant is realized in depth. Finally, CPLEX-C&CG is used to solve the two-layer model iteratively, and the joint optimal solution of the system is selected according to the joint optimal discriminant mechanism. The results of the example verify the effectiveness of the model and method.
关键词
可再生能源 /
虚拟电厂 /
不确定性分析 /
动态定价 /
双层优化 /
需求响应
Key words
renewable energy /
virtual power plant /
uncertainty analysis /
dynamic pricing /
bi-level optimization /
demand response
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基金
新疆可再生能源发电与并网技术自治区重点实验室开放课题（2020D04048); 新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项（2022A01001-4）; 国家自然科学基金（52267005）
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