该文基于能量平衡与集热/蒸发器换热特性建立双源热泵的系统仿真模型,该热泵采用并联的翅片管风冷蒸发器和吹胀板双面太阳能集热/蒸发器,模型考虑吹胀板蒸发器的正面和背面的实时太阳辐射得热,基于全年气象参数,对热泵在上海地区的全年运行性能进行模拟,分析太阳能集热面积对热泵性能的影响;基于优化的集热/蒸发器面积,对比分析双源热泵3种工作模式的全年运行性能;以逐时热泵COP最高为目标,得到热泵逐时最佳工作模式。模拟结果表明：对于45°朝南安装的双面吹胀板蒸发器,背面太阳能辐射得热是正面得热的3%~15%;双源热泵并联运行模式下全年COP比单空气源热泵、单太阳能热泵分别高24.2%和2.5%;得到以水平总辐照度Ig和环境温度Ta表示的双源热泵逐时最佳工作模式判别规则：Ig25.05Ta-146.8时,系统的最佳工作模式为太阳能模式;Ig25.05Ta-146.8时,系统最佳工作模式为太阳能-空气源并联模式。在逐时最佳工作模式下,相对于固定的双源并联运行模式,热泵年COP提高4.7%,冬季COP提高11.0%。
Abstract
Based on the energy balance and the heat transfer characteristics of the collector-evaporator, a system simulation model of a dual-source heat pump is established. The heat pump combines a finned tube air-cooled evaporator and a roll-bond plate double-sided solar collector-evaporator in parallel, and the model considers the real-time solar radiation heat gain on the front and back of the roll-bond plate evaporator. Based on the annual meteorological parameters, the annual operation performance of the heat pump in Shanghai is simulated to analyze the effect of solar collector area on the performance of the heat pump. Based on the optimized collector-evaporator area, the annual operation performance of three working modes of the dual-source heat pump is compared and analyzed. Aiming at the highest hourly COP, the optimal working mode of the heat pump is obtained hour by hour. The simulation results show that： for the double-sided roll-bond plate evaporator installed at 45-degree tilt towards the south, the solar radiation heat gain on the back is 3%-15% of that on the front; the annual COP of the dual-source heat pump in parallel operation mode is 24.2% and 2.5% higher than that of single air-source heat pump and single solar energy heat pump respectively. The discrimination rule of the hourly optimal working mode of the dual-source heat pump expressed by the total horizontal irradiance Ig and the ambient temperature Ta is obtained： when Ig25.05Ta-146.8, the optimal working mode of the system is the solar mode; when Ig25.05Ta-146.8, the optimal working mode is the solar-air source parallel mode. In the hourly optimal working mode, the annual COP of the heat pump is increased by 4.7% and the winter COP is increased by 11.0% relative to the fixed dual-source parallel operation mode.
关键词
太阳能 /
热泵系统 /
空气源热泵 /
性能系数 /
逐时模式优化
Key words
solar energy /
heat pump system /
air source heat pump /
coefficient of performance /
hourly mode optimization
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