建立质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的二维直流道模型,分析液滴在流道内的产生、破裂及传输全过程,探究进气速度、气体扩散层表面亲疏水性以及挡板结构参数等关键性因素对液滴传输特性的影响。仿真结果表明,提高进气速度有助于强化液滴的去除效果,但过高的气体流速会将液滴推向气体扩散层表面,造成液滴累积;亲水性较强的气体扩散层表面导致液滴严重坍塌形变,堵塞气体扩散层孔隙;液滴在疏水性气体扩散层表面流动速度相对较快,壁面附着力小,利于流道排水;增大挡板堵塞率可提高挡板下方及后方区域气体流速,提高液滴吹扫能力;挡板表面亲疏水性对流道内液滴去除效果影响较弱。
Abstract
A two-dimensional straight channel model of proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC） was established, and the whole process of droplet generation, rupture and transport in flow channel was analyzed, and the influence of critical factors such as inlet velocity, surface hydrophobicity of gas diffusion layer and baffle structure on droplet transport characteristics was investigated. The simulation results show that the increase of inlet velocity helps to improve droplet removal. However excessive gas flow velocity will push droplets to the surface of gas diffusion layer resulting in the accumulation of droplets. Also, highly hydrophilic gas diffusion layer surface will cause serious collapse and deformation of liquid droplets, blocking the pores of gas diffusion layer. On the contrary, droplets flow fast on the surface of hydrophobic gas diffusion layer, and the wall adhesion is small, which is conducive to the drainage of the flow channel. Thirdly, increasing the baffle blockage rate can increase local flow rate in the regions below and behind baffle and improve the ability of blowing droplets. Finally, the hydrophobicity of baffle surface has a weaker effect on the removal of droplets in flow channel.
关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池 /
有限元 /
接触角 /
水管理 /
流场 /
流速
Key words
proton exchange membrane fuel cells /
finite element method /
contact angle /
water mangement /
flow field /
flow velocity
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51902081）; 教育部“春晖计划”合作科研项目（202200397）; 2023年河北省大学生创新创业训练项目（S202310075044）; 河北大学校长基金（XZJJ202003）
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