为缓解能源危机,降低环境污染,该文创新性提出一种基于跨季节土壤蓄热的超算中心余热和太阳能耦合供暖系统,该系统可适用于太阳能集热器铺设面积有限,难以满足建筑供暖需求的中高层居民住宅。在供暖季时,系统将超算中心余热、太阳能与地源热泵联合供暖,在非供暖季则将多余的热量补充到土壤中,以维持土壤的热平衡。为验证该系统的优越性,以廊坊地区20栋居民住宅为研究对象,基于TRNSYS仿真软件构建传统的“基于跨季节土壤蓄热的太阳能单纯供暖系统”和“基于跨季节土壤蓄热的超算中心余热和太阳能耦合供暖系统”仿真模型。通过比较研究得出：耦合供暖系统在10 a运行期间,土壤平均温度逐年上升,共升高0.73 ℃,系统能耗从开始的3.56×106 kWh降至3.45×106 kWh,COP从开始的3.99升至4.11;单纯供暖系统土壤平均温度逐年下降,在运行至第3年结束时,土壤平均温度下降5.14 ℃,导致地埋管出水长时间处于低温状态,机组停机保护,系统无法正常供暖,在所运行的3 a内系统能耗从4.4×106 kWh增至5.2×106 kWh,COP从3.20降至2.70。以上分析说明超算中心余热和太阳能耦合供暖系统相比太阳能单纯供暖系统增加了超算中心余热跨季节的利用,提高了超算中心的能源利用率,提升了系统的供暖性能,并更加适用于中高层建筑供暖。
Abstract
In order to alleviate the energy crisis and reduce environmental pollution, a heating system that couples waste heat from Supercomputer Centers and solar energy with seasonal soil heat storage is innovatively proposed in this paper. This system is suitable for mid-to-high-rise residential buildings with limited areas for solar collectors, which makes it challenging to meet the heating demand. During the heating season, the system combines waste heat from Supercomputer Centers, solar energy, and ground source heat pumps for heating. During the non-heating season, the surplus heat is injected into the soil to maintain thermal balance. To validate the superiority of this system, simulation models are constructed using the TRNSYS software based on 20 residential buildings in the Langfang region as the research subjects. The simulation models include a traditional " simple heating system utilizing solar energy based on seasonal soil heat storage" and "coupled heating system utilizing waste heat from Supercomputer Centers and solar energy with seasonal soil heat storage". The comparative study shows that during the 10-year operating period, the coupled heating system shows a gradual increase in average soil temperature, with an overall increase of 0.73 ℃. The system energy consumption decreases from an initial value of 3.56×106 kWh to 3.45×106 kWh, and the COP rises from 3.99 to 4.11. the average soil temperature in the simple heating system is decreasing year by year. At the end of the third year of operation, the average soil temperature drops by 5.14 °C. This leads to a long time low-temperature state of the ground loop water and causes shutdown protection of the heat pump, which resulted in the system being unable to provide proper heating. Within the three years of operation, the system energy consumption raises from 4.4×106 kWh to 5.2×106 kWh, and the COP drops from 3.20 to 2.70. The above analysis indicates that compared to the simple heating system, the heating system coupling waste heat from Supercomputer Centers and solar energy enhances the seasonal utilization of surplus heat from Supercomputer Centers, which can improve energy performance of the center and heating performance of the system. Additionally, it is more suitable for heating applications in mid-to-high-rise buildings.
关键词
余热 /
太阳能 /
蓄热 /
耦合供暖系统 /
TRNSYS /
热平衡
Key words
waste heat /
solar energy /
heat storage /
coupled heating system /
TRNSYS /
thermal balance
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基金
北京市自然科学基金委员会-北京市教育委员会联合项目（KZ201810017023）
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