基于1 kW β型碟式太阳能斯特林发电系统,建立三维、瞬态单罐填充床蓄热数值模型。按不同比例制备陶瓷石墨复合材料,通过热物性与机械性能表征,采用m（高炉矿渣）∶m（石墨）=8∶2的复合材料作为储罐填料。结果表明加入填料后不同初始条件下斜温层厚度比纯水蓄热罐可减少37.5~70.0 mm,蓄放热效率提高约6%;通过π定理采用多元回归方法建立斜温层厚度与各初始条件数学模型,分析了入口流速、蓄热温差、罐体高径比、填料等对蓄热罐斜温层厚度的影响,得到斜温层厚度比无量纲函数关系式;蓄热过程增大入口流速、减小颗粒粒径,达到热平衡时间越短。
Abstract
Based on the 1 kW β-type dish solar Stirling power generation system, a three-dimensional and transient numerical model of single-tank packed bed heat storage is established. Ceramic-graphite composite materials were synthesized using various proportions, and their thermophysical and mechanical properties were characterized. Based on the analysis, a composite material with a blast furnace slag to graphite ratio of 8∶2 was selected as the optimal storage tank filler. Results demonstrate that, compared to pure water thermal storage tanks, the incorporation of this filler reduced the thermocline thickness by 37.5-70.0 mm under various initial conditions, while improving the heat storage and release efficiency by approximately 6%. Through dimensional analysis using the π theorem and multiple regression methods, we established a mathematical model correlating thermocline thickness with initial conditions. The study further analyzed the influences of inlet velocity, temperature differential during heat storage, tank height-to-diameter ratio, and packing characteristics on the thermocline thickness. This analysis yielded a dimensionless functional relationship for the thermocline thickness ratio. The findings indicate that increasing inlet flow rate and reducing particle size results in shorter thermal equilibrium times during the heat storage process.
关键词
太阳能 /
斯特林发电系统 /
陶瓷基复合材料 /
蓄热 /
斜温层 /
蓄热效率 /
量纲分析
Key words
solar energy /
Stirling power generation system /
ceramic matrix composites /
thermal storage /
thermocline /
heat storage efficiency /
dimensional analysis
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基金
内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队发展计划支持（NMGIRT2309）;内蒙古自然科学基金（2023MS05014）;内蒙古科技研究院产业技术创新项目（JY20220040）;国家自然科学基金（51866011）
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