为提升光伏发电效率,以本校YL250P-29b型多晶硅太阳电池封装组成的光伏组件串联而成的光伏阵列为研究对象,建立光伏组件温度数值模型。通过对比人工积灰试验数据与模拟结果,验证了该数值模型的合理性。以此模型为基础,模拟分析风速、辐照度、环境温度、积灰密度对光伏组件温度的影响;依据光电转换效率和输出功率的经验公式,探究了上述环境因素对光伏组件输出特性的影响规律。结果表明：光伏组件温度和光电转换效率与风速之间为负相关关系,与辐照度、环境温度、积灰密度之间为正相关关系;光伏组件输出功率与环境温度和积灰密度之间为负相关关系,与风速和辐照度之间为正相关关系。在该文的研究范围内,各环境因素与光伏组件温度和光电转换效率的关联顺序均为：环境温度>辐照度>风速>积灰密度,与输出功率的关联顺序为：辐照度>积灰密度>环境温度>风速;环境温度每升高1 ℃,光伏组件温度也升高约1 ℃,光电转换效率和输出功率分别下降约0.06%和0.4%;积灰使光伏组件温度下降,光电转换效率升高,但会极大降低光伏组件的输出功率。
Abstract
A photovoltaic array composed of YL250P-29b type polycrystalline silicon solar cells packaged in series at our school is taken as the research object in order to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. The rationality of the numerical model was verified by comparing the experimental data and simulation results of artificial ash accumulation. Based on this model, the effects of wind speed, irradiance, ambient temperature and ash density on the temperature of photovoltaic modules are simulated and analyzed. According to the empirical formula of photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power, the influence of the above environmental factors on the output characteristics of photovoltaic modules was explored. The results show that there is a negative correlation between PV module temperature, photoelectric conversion efficiency with wind speed, and positive correlation with irradiance, ambient temperature and ash density. There is a negative correlation between the output power of photovoltaic modules with ambient temperature and ash density, and a positive correlation with wind speed and irradiance. Within the scope of this study, the correlation order between each environmental factor and PV module temperature and photoelectric conversion efficiency is： ambient temperature> irradiance>wind speed>ash density, and the correlation order with output power is： irradiance>ash density>ambient temperature>wind speed; For every 1 ℃ increase in ambient temperature, the temperature of photovoltaic modules also increases by about 1 ℃, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power decrease by about 0.06% and 0.4%, respectively. Ash accumulation reduces the temperature of photovoltaic modules and increases the photoelectric conversion efficiency, but it will greatly reduce the output power of photovoltaic modules.
关键词
光伏组件 /
光电转换效率 /
输出功率 /
环境因素 /
数值模拟
Key words
photovoltaic modules /
photoelectric conversion efficiency /
output power /
environmental factors /
numerical simulation
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