光伏汇集系统电压不平衡影响因素及机理分析

张建坡; 柴欣茹; 高本锋; 田新成; 崔浩江

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2023-1358

PDF(1315 KB)

太阳能学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12) : 67-76. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2023-1358

光伏汇集系统电压不平衡影响因素及机理分析

张建坡¹, 柴欣茹¹, 高本锋¹, 田新成², 崔浩江¹

作者信息 +

ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCING FACTORS AND MECHANISM OF PHOTOVOLTAIC COLLECTION SYSTEM VOLTAGE IMBALANCE

Zhang Jianpo¹, Chai Xinru¹, Gao Benfeng¹, Tian Xincheng², Cui Haojiang¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

伴随光伏发电规模不断增加,光伏集中并网地区由于本地负荷少,无功支撑能力弱,易出现三相电压不平衡问题,将对电网稳定运行产生影响。针对上述问题,首先基于谐波线性化理论,考虑光伏阵列、电流内环、锁相环、LC滤波器及电流环dq解耦环节影响,推导光伏并网系统单机基频负序解析阻抗,进而建立光伏电站单机等值模型;然后以光伏电站负序模型为基础,构建光伏电场集群汇集地区等效电路模型,分析汇集系统电压不平衡产生机理及其影响因素;最后,利用PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台建立光伏汇集系统电磁暂态仿真模型,通过时域仿真验证理论分析结果正确性。

Abstract

With the continuous increase in photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic concentrated grid-connected areas are prone to the problem of unbalanced three-phase voltage due to low local load and weak support ability, which has an impact on the stable operation of the power grid. In response to the above problems, this article firstly establishes a single-machine fundamental frequency negative order-order analysis impedance, considering the influenees of PV array, current inner loop, phase locked loop, LC filter and current loop dq decoupling based on the theory of harmonic linearization, and then establish a single-machine equivalent value model of the photovoltaic power station. Then, based on the negative sequence model of photovoltaic power station, the equivalent circuit model of photovoltaic power field cluster gathering area is constructed to analyze the mechanism and influencing factors of voltage unbalance in the gathering system. Finauy, the photovoltaic collection system electromagnetic temporary simulation model is established through the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform. The influencing factors of the time domain simulation analysis are used to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis results.

导出引用

张建坡, 柴欣茹, 高本锋, 田新成, 崔浩江. 光伏汇集系统电压不平衡影响因素及机理分析[J]. 太阳能学报. 2024, 45(12): 67-76 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2023-1358

Zhang Jianpo, Chai Xinru, Gao Benfeng, Tian Xincheng, Cui Haojiang. ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCING FACTORS AND MECHANISM OF PHOTOVOLTAIC COLLECTION SYSTEM VOLTAGE IMBALANCE[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2024, 45(12): 67-76 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2023-1358

中图分类号： TM712

参考文献

[1] 国家能源局.国家能源局关于印发《能源碳达峰碳中和标准化提升行动计划》的通知[EB/OL].http://www.nea.gov.cn/2022-10/09/c_1310668927.htm.
National Energy Administration.Notice from the national energy administration on issuing the action plan for standardizing energy carbon peaking and carbon neutrality[EB/OL]. http://www.nea.gov.cn/2022-10/09/c_1310668927.htm.
[2] 高本锋, 邓鹏程, 梁纪峰, 等. 光伏电站与弱交流电网间次同步交互作用路径及阻尼特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(24): 6679-6694.
GAO B F, DENG P C, LIANG J F, et al.Analysis of path and damping characteristics of subsynchronous interaction between photovoltaic plant and weak AC grid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(24): 6679-6694.
[3] 刘硕, 周旭, 李建林. 储能型开关升压光伏并网逆变器的研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(1): 42-48.
LIU S, ZHOU X, LI J L.Research on energy storage switched boost photovoltaic grid-connected inverter[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2023, 44(1): 42-48.
[4] 徐海亮, 吴瀚, 李志, 等. 低短路比电网下含负序控制双馈风机稳定性研究的几个关键问题[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(22): 4688-4702.
XU H L, WU H, LI Z, et al.Several key issues on stability study of DFIG-based wind turbines with negative sequence control during low short-circuit ratio power grids[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(22): 4688-4702.
[5] 李彦晨, 贾燕冰, 谢栋, 等. 计及电能质量影响的配电网风储优化配置[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47(6): 2391-2402.
LI Y C, JIA Y B, XIE D, et al.Optimal allocation of wind storage in distribution network considering the influence of power quality[J]. Power system technology, 2023, 47(6): 2391-2402.
[6] 严威. 电网电压不平衡下光伏并网逆变器控制策略研究[D]. 株洲: 湖南工业大学, 2019.
YAN W.Research on control strategy of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter under unbalanced grid voltage[D]. Zhuzhou: Hunan University of Technology, 2019.
[7] 丁明, 王伟胜, 王秀丽, 等. 大规模光伏发电对电力系统影响综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(1): 1-14.
DING M, WANG W S, WANG X L, et al.A review on the effect of large-scale PV generation on power systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(1): 1-14.
[8] 李鹏飞. 不平衡电网下三相光伏并网逆变器电压型控制策略研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2017.
LI P F.Research on voltage source control strategy of three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter under unbalanced power grid[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2017.
[9] 邹林, 林福昌, 龙兆芝, 等. 输电线路不平衡度影响因素分析[J]. 电网技术, 2008, 32(增刊2): 283-286.
ZOU L, LIN F C,LONG Z Z, et al.Influence factors analysis of unbalance parameter for overhead lines[J]. Power system technology, 2008, 32(Sup 2): 283-286.
[10] STYLIARAS N.Investigation of the effect of the transformer connection type on voltage unbalance propagation: case study at näsudden wind farm[D]. uppsale, sweden: uppsale university, 2016.
[11] 刘其辉, 逄思敏, 吴林林, 等. 大规模风电汇集系统电压不平衡机理、因素及影响规律[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(21): 5435-5450.
LIU Q H, PANG S M, WU L L, et al.The mechanism factors and influence rules of voltage imbalance in wind power integration areas[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(21): 5435-5450.
[12] 逄思敏, 刘其辉, 石子敬, 等. 考虑线路序阻抗耦合的风电并网系统电压不平衡机理及抑制方法研究[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48(2): 552-566.
PANG S M, LIU Q H, SHI Z J, et al.Research on the voltage imbalance mechanism and suppression method of wind power integration system considering the sequence impedance coupling of transmission line[J]. Power system technology, 2024, 48(2): 552-566.
[13] 刘辉, 陈璨, 巨云涛, 等. 风电汇集地区电压不平衡特性分析及抑制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(14): 132-139.
LIU H, CHEN C, JU Y T, et al.Characteristics analysis and suppression strategy of voltage unbalance in areas with integration of wind power[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2021, 45(14): 132-139.
[14] 高本锋, 姚磊, 李忍, 等. 大规模光伏电站并网的振荡模式分析[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2017, 37(8): 123-130.
GAO B F, YAO L, LI R, et al.Analysis on oscillation modes of large-scale grid-connected PV power plant[J]. Electric power automation equipment, 2017, 37(8): 123-130.
[15] 杨明, 周林, 张东霞, 等. 考虑电网阻抗影响的大型光伏电站并网稳定性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013, 28(9): 214-223.
YANG M, ZHOU L, ZHANG D X, et al.Stability analysis of large-scale photovoltaic power plants for the effect of grid impedance[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(9): 214-223.
[16] 马志侠, 张林鍹, 郑兴, 等. 基于PEMFC-P2G与风光不确定的综合能源系统优化调度[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(6): 441-447.
MA Z X, ZHANG L X, ZHENG X, et al.Optimal scheduling of integrated energy system based on PEMFC-P2G and inpact of wind power and photovoltaic uncertainty[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2022, 43(6): 441-447.
[17] 雷雨, 李光辉, 王伟胜, 等. 计及光伏阵列的光伏发电阻抗建模与特性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(13): 5122-5135.
LEI Y, LI G H, WANG W S, et al.Impedance modeling and characteristics analysis of photovoltaic generation considering photovoltaic array[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(13): 5122-5135.
[18] 张桦, 谢开贵. 基于PSCAD的光伏电站仿真与分析[J]. 电网技术, 2014, 38(7): 1848-1852.
ZHANG H, XIE K G.PSCAD based simulation and analysis on PV power station[J]. Power system technology, 2014, 38(7): 1848-1852.
[19] 张东宁. 基于改进电导增量法的光伏最大功率点跟踪策略研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(8): 82-90.
ZHANG D N.Research on photovoltaic maximum power point tracking strategy based on improved conductance increment method[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2022, 43(8): 82-90.
[20] 王伟胜. 新能源并网系统宽频振荡分析与抑制[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2022: 223-226.
WANG W S.Analysis and mitigation of broadband oscillation in renewable energy generation and AC/DC transmission systems[M]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2022: 223-226.
[21] 刘威, 谢小荣, 黄金魁, 等. 并网变流器的频率耦合阻抗模型及其稳定性分析[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43(3): 138-146.
LIU W, XIE X R, HUANG J K, et al.Frequency-coupled impedance model and stability analysis of grid-connected converter[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2019, 43(3): 138-146.
[22] 吴旭, 王伟, 肖华锋, 等. 并网逆变器整体序阻抗建模方法及其稳定性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2024, 44(9): 3645-3656.
WU X, WANG W, XIAO H F, et al.Overall sequence impedance model of grid-connected inverter and its stability analysis[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(9): 3645-3656.
[23] GB/T 15543—2008, 电能质量三相电压不平衡[S].
GB/T 15543—2008, Power quality—three-phase voltage unbalance:[S].