液氢泄漏后产生的易燃易爆氢气云团存在严重安全隐患。通过基于OpenFOAM开发的求解器,对液氢泄漏及云团扩散行为进行分析。该求解器采用简化蒸发模型确定液氢蒸发速率,通过气相和固相求解器分别模拟云团的扩散以及地基的传热,使用共轭传热方法保证气-固区域间温度和热通量的连续性,并采用考虑大气稳定度的对数风廓线作为大气边界条件。通过风廓线观测数据和液氢泄漏实验数据验证提出的求解器。研究结果表明,稳定大气条件、高温以及大泄漏量均导致可燃氢气云团横向扩散范围增大,采用滞留坑方案可将蒸发速率降低99%,并使可燃云团的扩散距离及高度分别降低46%和76%,有效缩小了危险范围。
Abstract
The flammable and explosive cloud resulting from a liquid hydrogen leak poses a serious safety hazard. Using a solver developed with OpenFOAM, an in-depth analysis of liquid hydrogen leakage and subsequent dispersion behavior was conducted. The solver employed a simplified evaporation model to determine the evaporation rate. Hydrogen cloud dispersion and heat transfer from the ground were simulated using separate gas-phase and solid-phase solvers. The conjugate heat transfer method was used to ensure continuous temperature and heat flux between the gas and solid regions. A logarithmic wind profile incorporating atmospheric stability was also utilized. The solver was validated using wind profile measurements and liquid hydrogen leakage experiments. The results showed stable atmospheric conditions, high temperatures, and large leakage volumes increased lateral dispersion of flammable hydrogen clouds. Additionally, a retention pit scheme reduced the evaporation rate by 99%, flammable cloud distance by 46%, and cloud height by 76%, effectively decreasing the hazardous range.
关键词
氢 /
液体泄漏 /
大气边界层 /
扩散 /
数值模拟
Key words
hydrogen /
leakage （fluid） /
atmospheric boundary layer /
dispersion /
numerical simulation
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